An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size

Wojcik, Sonja M.; Rhee, Jeong Seop; Herzog, Étienne; Sigler, Albrecht; Jahn, Reinhard; Takamori, Shigeo; Brose, Nils; Rosenmund, Christian

doi:10.1073/pnas.0401764101

Cited by 445 publications

(494 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(74 reference statements)

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“…Increasing VGLUT1 increases quantal size and decreasing VGLUT1 or VGLUT2 decreases the amount of glutamate loaded into vesicles (Moechars et al, 2006; Fremeau et al, 2004;Wojcik et al, 2004). Fremeau et al (2004) suggested that there are different properties of release for VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 with more rapid recycling and recovery for VGLUT1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunolocalization of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the rat inferior colliculus

et al. 2008

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The inferior colliculus is a major relay nucleus in the ascending auditory pathways that receives multiple glutamatergic inputs. Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 (VGLUT1, VGLUT2) most often have complementary non-overlapping distributions and can be used to differentiate glutamatergic inputs. The present study therefore examined co-immunolabeling of VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 in three divisions of the inferior colliculus. Additional co-immunolabeling of microtubule associated protein 2 and neuronal class III β-tubulin provided visualization of neuronal soma and processes and allowed identification of axo-somatic versus axo-dendritic contacts. Results showed numerous VGLUT1 and 2 immunolabeled terminals in the central nucleus, lateral cortex and dorsal cortex. In all three divisions there was little to no co-containment of the two vesicular glutamate transporters indicating a complementary distribution. VGLUT1 made predominantly axo-dendritic connections in the neuropil, while VGLUT2 had many axo-somatic contacts in addition to axodendritic contacts. VGLUT2 immunolabeled terminals were numerous on the soma and proximal dendrites of many medium-to-large and large neurons in the central nucleus and medium to large neurons in the dorsal cortex. There were more VGLUT2 terminals than VGLUT 1 in all divisions and more VGLUT2 terminals in dorsal and lateral cortices than in the central nucleus. This study shows that VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 differentiate complementary patterns of glutamatergic inputs into the central nucleus, lateral and dorsal cortex of the inferior colliculus with VGLUT1 endings VGLUT1 endings predominantly on the dendrites and VGLUT2 on both dendrites and somas. Keywords auditory; auditory brain stem; co-localization Glutamate is the major excitatory transmitter in the ascending auditory pathway, used by multiple neurons and multiple projections at all the different levels. The presence of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) which mediate the packaging of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate into synaptic vesicles has proven to be a useful immunocytochemical marker for glutamatergic terminals. There are at least three subtypes of VGLUTs: VGLUT1, VGLUT2 and VGLUT3. VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 are both associated with glutamatergic terminals and their localizations are generally complementary without overlap (e.g. Hioki et al, 2003; The inferior colliculus (IC) receives multiple inputs from ascending and descending auditory pathways as well as from non-auditory inputs (Adams 1979, 1980, 1983, Aitkin et al, 1981Bajo and Moore, 2005;Cant & Benson, 2006;Jain & Shore, 2006;Loftus et al, 2004;Malmierca et al, 2005;Marsh et al, 2002;Merchan et al, 1994;Moore et al, 1998; Okayama et al, 2006;Oliver, 2000;Oliver et al, 1997; Osen, 1972;Saldana et al, 1996; Shofield, 2002; Shofield and Cant, 1996; Zhou, 2006, Tokunaga et al, 1984;Zhou and Shore, 2006) many of which are glutamatergic (Malmierca, 2003 for review;Alibardi, 1998;Feliciano and Potashner, 1995;Ross et al, 1995;Saint Marie, 1996, Suneja et al, 1995....

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunolocalization of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the rat inferior colliculus

et al. 2008

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“…In the adult brain, VGluT1 predominates in the cerebral cortices and hippocampus, whereas VGluT2 expression is predominant in the diencephalon, brainstem, and spinal cord (Fremeau et al, 2001;Herzog et al, 2001;Wojcik et al, 2004). However, none of these brain regions exclusively expresses one isoform.…”

Section: Saturation Of Vglut1-and Vgat-immunopositive Synaptic Densitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of saturation processes in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse densities during long-term development of cultured rat cortical networks

2013

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The aim of this study was to clarify the saturation processes of excitatory and inhibitory synapse densities during the long-term development of cultured neuronal networks. For this purpose, we performed a long-term culture of rat cortical cells for 35 days in vitro (DIV). During this culture period, we labeled glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses separately using antibodies against vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGluT1) and vesicular transporter of -aminobutyric acid (VGAT). The densities and distributions of both types of synaptic terminals were measured simultaneously. Observations and subsequent measurements of immunofluorescence demonstrated that the densities of both types of antibody-labeled terminals increased gradually from 7 to 21-28 DIV. The densities did not show a further increase at 35 DIV and tended to become saturated.Triple staining with VGluT1, VGAT, and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) enabled analysis of the distribution of both types of synapses, and revealed that the densities of the two types of synaptic terminals on somata were not significantly different, but that glutamatergic synapses predominated on the dendrites during long-term culture.However, some neurons did not fall within this distribution, suggesting differences in synapse distribution on target neurons. The electrical activity also showed an initial increase and subsequent saturation of the firing rate and synchronized burst rate during long-term culture, and the number of days of culture to saturation from the initial increase followed the same pattern under this culture condition.

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“…At the experimental level, the vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) has been reported to play a key role in the synaptic release (12) and the efficacy of glutamatergic synaptic transmission (13)(14)(15)(16). A recent study carried out in our laboratory reports that mice heterozygous for VGLUT1 (VGLUT1+/-), exhibit decreased cortical and hippocampal levels (35-45 %) of the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA as well as helplessness in the forced swimming test (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

Garcia-García

Elizalde

Matrov

et al. 2009

Biological Psychiatry

115

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An essential role for vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1) in postnatal development and control of quantal size

Cited by 445 publications

References 44 publications

Immunolocalization of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the rat inferior colliculus

Immunolocalization of vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 in the rat inferior colliculus

Measurement of saturation processes in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse densities during long-term development of cultured rat cortical networks

Increased Vulnerability to Depressive-Like Behavior of Mice with Decreased Expression of VGLUT1

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