An Erythritol-Sweetened Beverage Induces Satiety and Suppresses Ghrelin Compared to Aspartame in Healthy Non-Obese Subjects: A Pilot Study

Sorrentino, Zachary A.; Smith, Gary H.; Palm, Lindsey S.; Motwani, Kartik; Butterfield, John; Archer, Christian; Henderson, Rebecca; Heldermon, Coy D.; Gautam, Shiva; Brantly, Mark

doi:10.7759/cureus.11409

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Unlike the other hormones, ghrelin is known as a “hunger hormone” and promotes food intake and increases gastric emptying [ 38 , 39 ]. It was shown that ghrelin concentrations were not affected in response to acute or chronic (2 weeks) artificial low-caloric sweeteners such as sucralose or aspartame [ 25 , 40 , 41 ]. We observed a similar acute effect in this study for D allulose.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the AUC of total serum ghrelin was not significant in the study by Sorrentino et al [ 25 ] between erythritol and aspartame consumption, but time points t = 20, 30, and 45 min after erythritol consumption were, we further explored the time points t = 30 and 45 min of ghrelin concentrations in response to D-allulose and erythritol, compared to tap water, in the current study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Although erythritol provides zero calories, it induces the release of CCK, GLP-1 and PYY that is similar to glucose and sucrose [ 22 , 23 ]. A recent study indicates that ghrelin concentrations are suppressed in response to oral erythritol in healthy participants [ 25 ]. In a pilot dose-ranging study, acute ingestion of erythritol did not affect blood lipid and uric acid concentrations [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Effects and Safety Aspects of Acute D-allulose and Erythritol Administration in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2023

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The rapid increase in sugar consumption is associated with various negative metabolic and inflammatory effects; therefore, alternative sweeteners become of interest. The aim of this study was to investigate the metabolic effects and safety aspects of acute D-allulose and erythritol on glucose, insulin, ghrelin, blood lipids, uric acid, and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP). In three study visits, 18 healthy subjects received an intragastric administration of 25 g D-allulose or 50 g erythritol, or 300 mL tap water (placebo) in a randomized, double-blind and crossover order. To measure the aforementioned parameters, blood samples were drawn at fixed time intervals. Glucose and insulin concentrations were lower after D-allulose compared to tap water (p = 0.001, dz = 0.91 and p = 0.005, dz = 0.58, respectively); however, Bayesian models show no difference for insulin in response to D-allulose compared to tap water, and there was no effect after erythritol. An exploratory analysis showed that ghrelin concentrations were reduced after erythritol compared to tap water (p = 0.026, dz = 0.59), with no effect after D-allulose; in addition, both sweeteners had no effect on blood lipids, uric acid and hsCRP. This combination of properties identifies both sweeteners as excellent candidates for effective and safe sugar alternatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Effects and Safety Aspects of Acute D-allulose and Erythritol Administration in Healthy Subjects

et al. 2023

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“…However, the energy consumption during the follow-up ad libitum feeding trials was not affected by the erythritol compared to sucrose preloads. In another acute crossover trial, Sorrentino et al found that consumption of erythritol-SB suppressed the appetite hormone ghrelin and increased self-reported satiety compared to a comparably sweetened aspartame beverage [ 66 ]. The authors suggest that the effects of erythritol on the satiety/appetite hormones are due to it having a higher osmolality than iso-caloric or iso-sweet sucrose, or other non-nutritive sweeteners [ 66 ].…”

Section: Health Effect Of Erythritolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another acute crossover trial, Sorrentino et al found that consumption of erythritol-SB suppressed the appetite hormone ghrelin and increased self-reported satiety compared to a comparably sweetened aspartame beverage [ 66 ]. The authors suggest that the effects of erythritol on the satiety/appetite hormones are due to it having a higher osmolality than iso-caloric or iso-sweet sucrose, or other non-nutritive sweeteners [ 66 ]. There are data demonstrating that, regardless of caloric content, increased osmolarity in the duodenum induces alterations in satiety/appetite hormones and reduces hunger [ 67 , 68 ].…”

Section: Health Effect Of Erythritolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythritol: An In-Depth Discussion of Its Potential to Be a Beneficial Dietary Component

Mazi

Stanhope

2023

Nutrients

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The sugar alcohol erythritol is a relatively new food ingredient. It is naturally occurring in plants, however, produced commercially by fermentation. It is also produced endogenously via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Consumers perceive erythritol as less healthy than sweeteners extracted from plants, including sucrose. This review evaluates that perspective by summarizing current literature regarding erythritol’s safety, production, metabolism, and health effects. Dietary erythritol is 30% less sweet than sucrose, but contains negligible energy. Because it is almost fully absorbed and excreted in urine, it is better tolerated than other sugar alcohols. Evidence shows erythritol has potential as a beneficial replacement for sugar in healthy and diabetic subjects as it exerts no effects on glucose or insulin and induces gut hormone secretions that modulate satiety to promote weight loss. Long-term rodent studies show erythritol consumption lowers body weight or adiposity. However, observational studies indicate positive association between plasma erythritol and obesity and cardiometabolic disease. It is unlikely that dietary erythritol is mediating these associations, rather they reflect dysregulated PPP due to impaired glycemia or glucose-rich diet. However, long-term clinical trials investigating the effects of chronic erythritol consumption on body weight and risk for metabolic diseases are needed. Current evidence suggests these studies will document beneficial effects of dietary erythritol compared to caloric sugars and allay consumer misperceptions.

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Erythritol: Evaluation of its Potential Therapeutic Applications and Discussion on Safety Issues - A Review

MATYSEK

Adam

Rafał

et al. 2023

J Educ Health Sport

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Introduction: Erythritol is a sugar alcohol that has become increasingly popular as a low-calorie sweetener due to its unique characteristics. It is a naturally occurring substance that is found in various foods such as fruits and vegetables. In recent years, erythritol has gained attention as a potential alternative to traditional sugars due to its minimal impact on blood glucose level. The aim of the study: This review aims to provide an overview of the characteristics of erythritol and its potential therapeutic applications. Specifically, the review focuses on the role of erythritol in managing diabetes type 2 patients and obesity. Material and Methods: A systematic search was conducted on various academic databases, including PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles published mainly between 2013 and 2022 were included in the study. In addition, some older articles were included in the analysis if they provided essential information for a comprehensive understanding of erythritol. The articles were analysed, and relevant information was extracted. Description of the state of knowledge: The study is based on an analysis of various scientific publications, including original articles and reviews, that provide insights into the features of erythritol and its potential therapeutic applications. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of erythritol, highlighting its properties and the potential applications that could be explored in the future. Conclusions: Overall, erythritol appears to be a promising low-calorie sweetener that may have various potential therapeutic applications, particularly in managing diabetes type 2 patients and obesity. While further research is needed to fully understand its potential benefits, the current evidence suggests that erythritol could be a valuable tool in promoting better health outcomes.

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An Erythritol-Sweetened Beverage Induces Satiety and Suppresses Ghrelin Compared to Aspartame in Healthy Non-Obese Subjects: A Pilot Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 30 publications

Metabolic Effects and Safety Aspects of Acute D-allulose and Erythritol Administration in Healthy Subjects

Metabolic Effects and Safety Aspects of Acute D-allulose and Erythritol Administration in Healthy Subjects

Erythritol: An In-Depth Discussion of Its Potential to Be a Beneficial Dietary Component

Erythritol: Evaluation of its Potential Therapeutic Applications and Discussion on Safety Issues - A Review

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