An epidemiological study of child health and nutrition in a northern Swedish county. VI. Relationship between general and oral health, food habits, and socioeconomic conditions

Samuelson, Gösta; Grahnén, H; Arvidsson, Emma

doi:10.1093/ajcn/24.11.1361

Cited by 60 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…The inverse relationship between the number of children in the family and overweight found in a number of studies 21,40,41 may also be caused by overprotection of single children. The lack of evidence showing the relationship between this factor and overweight in our study may be a result of the correlations between the different social factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany)

et al. 1999

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OBJECTIVES: To examine the prevalence and changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany) in the last twenty years and to identify factors associated with childhood overweight. DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys in 1975Cross-sectional surveys in , 1985Cross-sectional surveys in , 1995 and a household questionnaire in 1995. SUBJECTS: Children from schools in Jena, aged 7 ± 14 y, participated (1975 : 1002 boys and 1000 girls; 1985 : 781 boys and 753 girls; 1995 : 989 boys and 912 girls). MEASUREMENTS: Prevalence of overweight or obesity based on the 90th or 97th age ± and sex ± speci®c percentile of the body mass index (BMI) developed for French children. In 1995 factors examined in relation to overweight included birth weight, birth length, age ± class, number of children in household, occupation of the father, education of the mother and size of¯at (apartment). RESULTS: In boys the prevalence of overweight increased from 10.0 to 16.3% and in girls from 11.7 to 20.7% between 1975 and 1995. The prevalence of obesity increased from 5.3 to 8.2% in boys and from 4.7 to 9.9% in girls between 1975 and 1995. However, the peak in the increase of overweight as well as of obesity lie for both sexes between 1985 and 1995. Using logistic regression, statistically signi®cant associations with overweight were found for occupation of the father, birth weight in both sexes and additionally, for size of¯at in girls. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity are incresing health problems among Jena children. Further investigations are needed to explore the in¯uence of factors such as feeding pattern, food habits and physical activity on overweight. Special attention should be paid to the further social development in the society and to the link between low social class and overweight. Through such investigations effective preventive strategies could be developed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany)

et al. 1999

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“…For details of the selection of this material, see Samuelson 1971 [15]. They were all included in a comprehensive nutritional study that included medical and dental examinations as well as dietary interviews [15][16][17][18][19]. All were judged to be in good health.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Epidemiological Study of Child Health and Nutrition in a Northern Swedish County

Samuelson¹

1970

Ann Nutr Metab

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The aim of the study was to investigate the accuracy of children’s reports of their consumption of a school meal. Nutritional intake from the school lunch was studied for 56 healthy 8-year-olds and 43 13-year-olds. Information as to nutritional intake was obtained by personal interviews within the limits of 24-hour recall. The results were compared with those of the double-portion technique, which involves weighing and chemical analysis of a double portion, with subtraction of left-overs. Energy, protein, fat and iron content were determined. The data for the individual meals were spread over a wide range. On a group basis, however, the differences between nutrient data obtained by recall and by analysis were levelled out. In spite of a number of possible sources of error in both the double-portion method and the recall, the results obtained with the two methods gave median values for amounts consumed and for nutritional data that were in fairly good agreement. The median values for energy and nutrient content of a given double portion obtained by calculation from food composition tables and by chemical analysis were in good agreement. It is concluded that the groups of 8- and 13-year-old children in this investigation were able to provide an acceptable picture of their consumption of a single meal in a dietary recall covering the past 24 h.

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“…Their lifestyle, including their food habits, will be affected. Many studies have shown that children's and adolescents' food habits are in¯uenced by the socioeconomic conditions of the family (Samuelson et al, 1971;Hagman et al, 1986). In a rapidly changing society, attitudes to food items, meal patterns, physical activity and smoking change need to be observed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Food habits in Swedish adolescents in relation to socioeconomic conditions

Höglund¹,

Samuelson

Mark³

1998

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objective: To describe the food habits of Swedish adolescents 14±15 y of age. To analyse the connection between food habits and socioeconomic circumstances and background factors. Design: Cross-sectional survey using a Food Frequency Questionnaire including questions on meal patterns. Setting: The city of Go Èteborg and the County of A È lvsborg, Sweden 1996. Subjects: Pupils in the 8th grade in all schools in the city of Go Èteborg and the County of A È lvsborg were in February 1996 invited to participate. The study comprised 7605 pupils. The drop-out rate was 14.4% (n 1280). Results: The adolescents had an infrequent consumption of vegetables and fruits and they had a daily consumption of sweets. Cereals, dairy products and snacks: buns, wafers, soft drinks, ice cream and potato crisps were consumed more than once a day. Thirty percent of the girls and 20% of the boys did not eat breakfast every day. The free school lunch was eaten daily by 50% of the boys and 30% of the girls, the remainder ate some type of snack. A negative correlation was found between smoking and the frequency of vegetable consumption. Pupils from areas with high socioeconomic status more often ate breakfast and lunch and the boys more often ate dinner compared to adolescents from areas with low socioeconomic status. Conclusions: An irregular meal pattern as well as snack consumption and smoking were common, especially among girls in areas with low socioeconomic status. Sponsorship: The city of Go Èteborg and the County Council of A È lvsborg. Descriptors: adolescents; food habits; socioeconomic status IntroductionDuring adolescence young people are very easily in¯u-enced by their peers, advertisements and changes in society. Their lifestyle, including their food habits, will be affected. Many studies have shown that children's and adolescents' food habits are in¯uenced by the socioeconomic conditions of the family (Samuelson et al, 1971;Hagman et al, 1986). In a rapidly changing society, attitudes to food items, meal patterns, physical activity and smoking change need to be observed.Two dietary surveys among 14, 15 and 17-y old adolescents in Sweden has recently published, one from a university town in the north (Bergstro Èm et al, 1993) and the other from a city and an industrial town in the mid-west of Sweden (Samuelson et al, 1996). In both these studies, it was shown that the adolescents had a frequent consumption of snacks and snack-meals. However, socioeconomic factors seemed not to have such a great impact on food habits as in earlier studies among Swedish children up to 13 y of age. In the present study, the total population of pupils in the 8th grade (14±15 y of age) living in the city of Go Èteborg and the County of A È lvsborg was studied, giving an opportunity to incorporate adolescents from different socioeconomic areas, both from a large city and from towns of different sizes as well as from rural areas. Aims of the study(1) To describe the food habits and meal pattern among pupils in the 8th grade of the elementary school, ...

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An epidemiological study of child health and nutrition in a northern Swedish county. VI. Relationship between general and oral health, food habits, and socioeconomic conditions

Cited by 60 publications

References 16 publications

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany)

Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany)

An Epidemiological Study of Child Health and Nutrition in a Northern Swedish County

Food habits in Swedish adolescents in relation to socioeconomic conditions

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