An Epidemiologic Study of Contraception and Preeclampsia

Klonoff-Cohen, Hillary; Savitz, David A.; Cefalo, Robert C.; McCann, Margaret F.

doi:10.1001/jama.1989.03430220066032

Cited by 199 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Human studies show that both acute exposure to semen at the beginning of a pregnancy, as well as cumulative exposure over time, can protect against recurrent miscarriage and preeclampsia, in a partner specific manner [101]. Studies have also shown that semen exposure in women is advantageous to pregnancy outcome, the use of barrier contraception methods and the period of cohabitation between couples suggests that chronic semen exposure by an individual can be beneficial to subsequent pregnancies [102].…”

Section: Seminal Plasma and Pathologies Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seminal fluid and reproduction: much more than previously thought

Bromfield

2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

118

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The influence of seminal plasma on the cytokine and immune uterine environment is well characterised in mice and humans, while the effects of disruption to uterine seminal plasma exposure on pregnancy and offspring health is becoming more clearly understood. The cellular and molecular environment of the uterus during the pre-and peri-implantation period of early pregnancy is critical for implantation success and optimal foetal and placental development. Perturbations to this environment not only have consequences for the success of pregnancy and neonatal health and viability, but can also drive adverse health outcomes in the offspring after birth, particularly the development of metabolic disorders such as obesity, hypertension and insulin resistance. It is now reported that an absence of seminal plasma at conception in mice promotes increased fat accumulation, altered metabolism and hypertension in offspring. The evidence reviewed here demonstrates that seminal plasma is not simply a transport medium for sperm, but acts also as a key regulator of the female tract environment providing optimal support for the developing embryo and benefiting future health of offspring.

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Section: Seminal Plasma and Pathologies Of Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seminal fluid and reproduction: much more than previously thought

Bromfield

2014

J Assist Reprod Genet

118

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“…10 This concept is also supported by the observations that the risk is reduced when there is a longer period of intercourse with the father before conception 11 and that barrier contraceptives that prevent exposure to semen increase the risk of preeclampsia. 12 Different diagnostic criteria and poor record keeping make it virtually impossible to compare the frequency of preeclampsia in different populations from routinely collected data. It is clear that death rates from the disorder are more common in developing countries; however, this need not indicate increased disease frequency.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Summary of the NHLBI Working Group on Research on Hypertension During Pregnancy

et al. 2003

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Abstract-A Working Group on Research in Hypertension in Pregnancy was recently convened by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to determine the state of knowledge in this area and suggest appropriate directions for research. Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, especially preeclampsia, are a leading cause of maternal death worldwide and even in developed countries increase perinatal mortality rates 5-fold. Much has been learned about preeclampsia, but gaps in the knowledge necessary to direct therapeutic strategies remain. Oxidative stress is a biologically plausible contributor to the disorder that may be amenable to intervention. Hypertension that antedates pregnancy (chronic hypertension) bears many similarities to hypertension in nonpregnant women, but the special setting of pregnancy demands information to guide evidence-based therapy. The recommendations of the Working Group are to attempt a clinical trial of antioxidant therapy to prevent preeclampsia that is be complemented by mechanistic research to increase understanding of the genetics and pathogenesis of the disorder. For chronic hypertension, clinical trials are recommended to direct choice of drugs, evaluate degree of control, and assess implications to the mother and fetus.Recommendations to increase participation in this research are also presented.

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“…Pregnancies with large placentas (as in twin pregnancies, diabetic pregnancies and hydatidiform moles), primigravidas, and a previous pregnancy with preeclampsia (16), increase the risk of developing preeclampsia. A new sexual partner and the use of barrier contraception are both associated with an increased risk of developing preeclampsia, whereas previous antigen exposure is protective (17). There are also reports of family clustering of preeclampsia (18;19), although no general, world wide genetic explanation has been confirmed.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Preeclampsiamentioning

confidence: 99%

The decidual suction method: a new way of collecting decidual tissue for functional and morphological studies

Harsem¹,

Staff²,

et al. 2004

Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand

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Background. Studies of extravillous trophoblasts and placental bed spiral arteries are essential for a better understanding of pathological pregnancies such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and diabetes mellitus. A major challenge is to obtain representative and sufficient tissue for morphological and functional investigations. Currently, tissue material is mostly harvested by placental bed biopsy (PBB). We describe a new suction method to obtain a larger volume of decidual tissue from the placental bed. Methods. Tissue was harvested in 51 cesarean sections by vacuum suction of the placental bed. Sections from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue were routinely stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunostained with a panel of antibodies and morphologically examined for the presence of trophoblasts and spiral arteries. The results were compared with those from archive material from PBBs and placental basal plate sections (BPSs). Short‐term adverse events were registered for the study patients. Long‐term complications were registered from medical charts of 151 women having undergone the decidual suction method (DSM), with a follow‐up of 38–60 months. Results. In 86% (n = 44), one random section from the decidual suction material demonstrated at least one spiral artery. In 37% (n = 19), six or more spiral arteries were present. All sections revealed extravillous trophoblasts. No short‐ or long‐term morbidity was recorded. Conclusions. The decidual suction method represents an important improvement in the work to obtain sufficient decidual tissue for morphological and functional studies of extravillous trophoblast function and spiral artery adaptation. The method is safe, as no short‐ or long‐term complications were registered.

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An Epidemiologic Study of Contraception and Preeclampsia

Cited by 199 publications

References 17 publications

Seminal fluid and reproduction: much more than previously thought

Seminal fluid and reproduction: much more than previously thought

Summary of the NHLBI Working Group on Research on Hypertension During Pregnancy

The decidual suction method: a new way of collecting decidual tissue for functional and morphological studies

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