An Epidemic of Illness Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B, Type 2

Ager, Ernest A.; Felsenstein, W C; Alexander, E R; Wymer, Mark; Sabotta, Eugene E.; Ashby, Valarie B.

doi:10.1001/jama.1964.03060170005001

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Infection with enteroviruses (poliovirus 1, 2, 3, ECHO 1,3,4,6,7,9,19,and Coxsackie virus A2,Neurological,Electroencephalographic,and Virological Findings (Ager et al, 1964;Artenstein, Cadigan, and Buescher, 1964;Bell et al, 1964;Blackwood et al 1966;Brewis, 1954;Crandell et al, 1968;Flewett and Hoult, 1958;Gibbs et al, 1964;Grossman et al, 1955;Grossman, Gibbs, and Spies, 1958;Heathfield et al, 1967;Holliday, 1950;Kennedy and Wanglee, 1967;Lepow et al, 1962;McConkey and Daws, 1958;McKendrick, 1968;Meyer et al, 1960;Miller, Stanton, and Gibbons, 1956;Miller and Ross, 1968;Moura Ribeiro and Moura Ribeiro, 1968;Pampiglione, 1964;Stem, 1961;Williams et al, 1968;Wilson, 1968). The mycoplasmas have also been implicated as encephalitic agents (Chanock et al, 1960;Sk6ldenberg, 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological, Electroencephalographic, and Virological Findings in Febrile Children

Wallace¹,

Zealley²

1970

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Neurological, electroencephalographic, and virological findings in febrile children. Investigations were made of 78 febrile children, 53 with fits and 25 without fits. 53 % of the children with fits had viral illnesses. Severe fits were commoner in these children than in those with negative viral findings. Permanent neurological damage and prolonged EEG abnormalities were found significantly more often in children with, than in those without, viral disease, whether or not fits had occurred. The long-term implications are discussed. In addition to viral agents already described as causing neurological complications, the following organisms were found in association with central nervous system disorder: adenovirus 7, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza 2, and C. burnetii (Q fever).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological, Electroencephalographic, and Virological Findings in Febrile Children

Wallace¹,

Zealley²

1970

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Coxsackie B virus infections are typically associated with fever, pharyngitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms, but myocarditis occurs in only about 2% of cases [ 2 , 3 ]. The pathophysiology of Coxsackie B virus-induced myocarditis involves both direct viral invasion of myocardial cells and an immune-mediated response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the patterns of Coxsackie B virus infections and their associated complications is vital. While outbreaks of the Coxsackie B virus have been documented, the variability in clinical manifestations means that healthcare providers must maintain a high index of suspicion for this virus in patients presenting with atypical symptoms [ 3 ]. The interplay between environmental factors, host immunity, and viral virulence can influence the severity and range of symptoms, making each case unique.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This virus is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route but can also spread through respiratory droplets. While many infections are asymptomatic or result in mild symptoms, certain strains of Coxsackie B virus can lead to severe complications, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems or underlying health conditions [ 2 , 3 ]. In addition to myocarditis, the Coxsackie B virus can cause pleurodynia (Bornholm disease), which presents as severe chest and abdominal pain, and aseptic meningitis, an inflammation of the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Atypical Presentation of Viral Myocarditis Masquerading as Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)

Alomar,

Liong,

Alsheikh

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Coxsackie B virus is primarily associated with fever, pharyngitis, and gastrointestinal symptoms, while myocarditis is rarely reported. We present a rare case of a 47-year-old male with a history of hypertension and obesity, who developed Coxsackie B virus-induced myositis, myocarditis, and polyarthralgia. The patient presented with worsening back pain radiating to his chest, migratory arthralgia, exertional dyspnea, and bilateral shoulder pain with arm weakness. Initial investigations revealed elevated creatinine kinase (CK) levels and troponin I, alongside a high white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Given the patient's symptoms and uptrending troponin without EKG changes, there was a high concern for non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), leading to initial treatment with aspirin and IV heparin. However, further questioning revealed a recent sore throat and contact with an ill family member, prompting investigations for an infectious etiology. A viral panel confirmed Coxsackie B virus infection. The patient made a full recovery with supportive care. This case highlights the importance of considering viral causes, particularly the Coxsackie B virus, in patients presenting with muscle pain, cardiac symptoms, and joint pain. Comprehensive viral testing is crucial for early identification and appropriate management to prevent long-term complications. Understanding the mechanisms of Coxsackie B virus infection is essential for developing effective treatment strategies addressing both the viral infection and the inflammatory response.

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Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Newer Enteroviruses, and Parechoviruses

Modlin¹

2010

Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases

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An Epidemic of Illness Due to Coxsackie Virus Group B, Type 2

Cited by 10 publications

References 17 publications

Neurological, Electroencephalographic, and Virological Findings in Febrile Children

Neurological, Electroencephalographic, and Virological Findings in Febrile Children

An Atypical Presentation of Viral Myocarditis Masquerading as Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)

Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Newer Enteroviruses, and Parechoviruses

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