An Engineering-Based Approach to Predict Tornado-Induced Damage

Peng, Xinlai; Roueche, David B.; Prevatt, David O.; Gurley, Kurtis R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-29713-2_15

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Section Discussion provides a discussion of the results and recommends key topics requiring additional research, and section Conclusions summarizes our conclusions. Peng et al (2016) developed an engineering-based tornado damage assessment (ETDA) Tool that is capable of simulating component level damage to individual residential structures and to portfolios of single-family, light-framed wood structural residential buildings. The ETDA tool research is a culmination of many studies to formulate a scientific base for characterizing tornado damage initiated since the 2011 tornado season.…”

Section: Objective and Structure Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering-Based Tornado Damage Assessment: Numerical Tool for Assessing Tornado Vulnerability of Residential Structures

Jain

Bhusar²,

Roueche

et al. 2020

Front. Built Environ.

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Following a series of deadly tornadoes between 2011 and 2013, this paper develops a numerical tool to help communities better predict and quantify the potential tornado damage to single-family residential structures from a tornado strike. The objective is to determine the predictive capability of an engineering-based tornado damage-assessment (ETDA) Tool using published building damage observations captured by the authors in a recent tornado. The research is motivated by the need for the public to visualize the extent of tornado vulnerabilities of residential buildings in our communities. The research developed a numerical estimation model to aggregate damage that a specified tornado would cause to the residential wood-framed structures in a community. The ETDA Tool was developed around a Monte Carlo simulation engine, using theoretical models for tornado wind velocity and pressure drop in the tornado vortex, as well as experimentally-determined probability distribution functions for the structural resistances of eight building component systems selected to describe the structure. The output of the EDTA Tool is presented as series of mean damage ratios, and other statistics quantifying tornado-damage caused, plotted against distance away from the tornado vortex centerline. The paper explains the methodology of the approach and presents results comparing hindcast damage ratios against observed values of field-observations collected after a tornado strike on residential communities in Garland/Rowlett, TX. It was found the ETDA Tool provides reasonable agreement with the field damage observations to houses. The Tool could be used by a community to model any tornado path and/or size and estimate future damage. More research to further our understanding of tornado-induced wind loads and wind-borne debris effects is needed to increase confidence in its application to any tornado and any city.

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Section: Objective and Structure Of Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering-Based Tornado Damage Assessment: Numerical Tool for Assessing Tornado Vulnerability of Residential Structures

Jain

Bhusar²,

Roueche

et al. 2020

Front. Built Environ.

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“…Further, the aerodynamic wind pressures (typically represented as nondimensional pressure or force coefficients) are derived from straight-line winds, i.e., stationary flow, while tornadic flow is strongly non-stationary both spatially and temporally. Questions arise then concerning the validity of tornado wind load models that are based on stationary and straightline winds, yet applied to tornadoes (e.g., Peng et al, 2016). Fundamental differences between tornado-induced and straight-line wind induced loads are also important in risk analysis of existing buildings designed for straight-line winds but exposed to tornado-induced wind loads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tornado-Induced and Straight-Line Wind Loads on a Low-Rise Building With Consideration of Internal Pressure

Roueche

Prevatt

Haan

2020

Front. Built Environ.

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Tornado and straight-line wind events are often discussed and compared in terms of their intensity, e.g., maximum wind speed, however, it is unclear to what extent tornadoinduced and straight-line wind-induced wind loads are equivalent even for the same nominal intensity. This lack of understanding inhibits both tornado design philosophies and policies, and communication of tornado risk to the public. This study directly compares existing wind tunnel databases of tornado-induced and straight-line windinduced pressures, for a similar building model, to evaluate to what extent the induced surface pressures on a typical building differ. The existing datasets used in the study are enhanced with a numerical internal pressure model to facilitate the comparison across a range of opening configurations that would be common in typical buildings. The analysis finds that differences are most pronounced in the overall distribution of pressures across the building surface, and in the magnitudes of pressures in regions of strong flow separation. However, overall the magnitudes of the peak tornado-induced pressures are reasonably similar to straight-line wind-induced pressures, with tornadoinduced pressures on average 13% higher than equivalent straight-line wind-induced pressures. Ultimately, this study demonstrates a framework for such comparisons, while recognizing key sources of uncertainty and further research needs.

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“…As a major disaster that often take place along with heavy rainfall (Mohammad et al, 2017;Peng et al, 2016), typhoons inflict serious economic losses and casualties in China every year, which pose a threat to buildings and infrastructures in coastal area (Mao et al, 2018(Mao et al, , 2019Wang et al, 2013aWang et al, , 2019. Strong winds combined with driving rain during typhoons impose a force on buildings that is significantly different from the wind-only effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field investigation of wind–rain induced pressure on a low-rise building during Typhoon Haikui

Wang

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Advances in Structural Engineering

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Due to the strike of wind-blown raindrops, the pressure caused by wind and rain on building facades is different from the action of wind-only. The wind–rain induced pressure during Typhoon Haikui (2012) was collected at three taps on the windward side of Tongji University experimental building which was located near the coast of East China Sea. The observed data during the storm was compared with both the data of normal wind events without rains and wind tunnel test. The results show that the presence of driving rains intensifies the wind effects acting on the windward side of the building. More specifically, the mean wind–rain induced pressure coefficients at the three locations of the experimental building are larger than those collected from the strong wind-only events and the wind tunnel test when the wind direction ranges from 110° to 130°. It was also found that the mean wind–rain induced pressure coefficients at each tap increase in magnitude with rainfall intensity and the distance between the pressure tap and the wall corner. Similarly, the fluctuating wind–rain induced pressure coefficients are larger in comparison to the wind-only pressure coefficients from the full-scale measurement and wind tunnel test. However, the coefficients decrease with the distance from the wall corner in the case of 80°–140° wind directions. In addition, it was found that Gamma distribution is a robust model to represent the probability distribution of the wind–rain induced pressure coefficients. High quality of pressure correlation was observed among three taps, regardless of the rainfall intensity. By contrast, the presence of driving rains slightly reduces the correlation of wind–rain induced pressure.

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An Engineering-Based Approach to Predict Tornado-Induced Damage

Cited by 14 publications

References 24 publications

Engineering-Based Tornado Damage Assessment: Numerical Tool for Assessing Tornado Vulnerability of Residential Structures

Engineering-Based Tornado Damage Assessment: Numerical Tool for Assessing Tornado Vulnerability of Residential Structures

Tornado-Induced and Straight-Line Wind Loads on a Low-Rise Building With Consideration of Internal Pressure

Field investigation of wind–rain induced pressure on a low-rise building during Typhoon Haikui

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