“…17 Several papers, including Hasbrouck (1991), Hiemstra and Jones (1994), Chordia, Roll, and Subrahmanyam (2001), Chordia, Sarkar, and Subrahmanyam (2005a), and Chordia, Sarkar, and Subrahmanyam (2005b, have studied the time-series relation between several measures of liquidity, trading activity, and returns. However, they do not analyze the causality from liquidity to trading volume.…”