An electronic nose for the recognition of the vineyard of a red wine

Natale, Corrado Di; Davide, Fabrizio; D’Amico, A.; Nelli, P.; Groppelli, S.; Sberveglieri, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/0925-4005(96)01918-1

Cited by 86 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Electronic noses have been applied mainly in the food in-dustry to characterize the odors of beverages (2,17) or olive oil (7). More recently, researchers discovered the potential of electronic noses as a diagnostic tool for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis in badgers and cattle (3).…”

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confidence: 99%

Prospects for Clinical Application of Electronic-Nose Technology to Early Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosisin Culture and Sputum

et al. 2006

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Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is time-consuming and operator dependent and lacks sensitivity. A new method is urgently needed. We investigated the potential of an electronic nose (EN) (gas sensor array) comprising 14 conducting polymers to detect different Mycobacterium spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the headspaces of cultures, spiked sputa, and sputum samples from 330 cultureproven and human immunodeficiency virus-tested TB and non-TB patients. The data were analyzed using principal-component analysis, discriminant function analysis, and artificial neural networks. The EN differentiated between different Mycobacterium spp. and between mycobacteria and other lung pathogens both in culture and in spiked sputum samples. The detection limit in culture and spiked sputa was found to be 1 ؋ 10 4 mycobacteria ml ؊1 . After training of the neural network with 196 sputum samples, 134 samples (55 M. tuberculosis culture-positive samples and 79 culture-negative samples) were used to challenge the model. The EN correctly predicted 89% of culture-positive patients; the six false negatives were the four ZN-negative and two ZN-positive patients. The specificity and sensitivity of the described method were 91% and 89%, respectively, compared to culture. At present, the reasons for the false negatives and false positives are unknown, but they could well be due to the nonoptimized system used here. This study has shown the ability of an electronic nose to detect M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens and opens the way to making this method a rapid and automated system for the early diagnosis of respiratory infections.

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confidence: 99%

Prospects for Clinical Application of Electronic-Nose Technology to Early Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosisin Culture and Sputum

et al. 2006

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“…15,16 Wines have been classified by variety or denomination, 11,15 -18,21,23 class (red/white/rosé), 15 -18 vintage 11,16 or vineyard. 9,11,20 Other applications include degree of ageing, 22 winemust fermentation 19,24 and degree of oak wine barrel toasting. 12 The high concentration of alcohol in wines is the factor which most strongly limits the application of EN technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The electronic nose as a tool for the classification of fruit and grape wines from different Ontario wineries

McKellar

Rupasinghe

et al. 2005

J Sci Food Agric

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Electronic nose technology is useful for classifying or 'fingerprinting' foods and beverages based on odour profiles. With a view to providing useful information on quality attributes, the Fox 3000 electronic nose (EN) was tested for the ability to characterize Ontario-produced fruit wines. Eight fruit wines (blueberry, cherry, raspberry, blackcurrant, elderberry, cranberry, apple and peach) and four grape wines (red, Chardonnay, Riesling and ice wine) were each obtained from a minimum of five Ontario wineries. Replicates of each wine sample were dried onto membrane filters to remove ethanol, and analyzed by the EN. It was possible to separate completely each wine variety (eg blueberry) based on differences between wineries; however, when all wine data were pooled, classification by variety was poor (58.7% correctly classified). Analysis of different wine varieties from a single winery revealed some misclassification. Wines could be separated into four distinct groups based on position on the discriminant function analysis map (79.9% correct). Fruit and grape wines were well separated from each other (75.9% correct), as were red and white wines (92.2% correct). The results show that the EN can discriminate fruit and grape wines into natural and useful groupings and may become an important tool for standardization of wine quality.

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“…The electronic nose consists of an array of gas sensors with different selectivity, a signal collecting unit and pattern recognition software. It is useful for the analysis of headspace of liquid or solid food samples (Schaller et al, 1998) and numerous attempts using the electronic nose for wine analysis have also been reported (Di Natale et al, 1995Natale et al, , 1996. Similar in principal to the electronic nose, the electronic tongue consist of an array of sensors designed for liquids for the evaluation and classification of complex liquids.…”

Section: New Technology: Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Problem Fermentations – A Review

Malherbe¹,

Bauer²,

Toit³

2016

SAJEV

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Despite advances in winemaking technology and improvements in fermentation control, problem alcoholic and malolactic fermentations remain a major oenological concern worldwide. This is due to possible depreciation of product quality and its consequent negative economic impact. Various factors have been identified and studied over the years, yet the occurrence of fermentation problems persists. The synergistic effect of the various factors amongst each other provides additional challenges for the study of such fermentations. This literature review summarises the most frequently studied causes of problematic alcoholic and malolactic fermentations and in addition provides a summary of established and some potential new analytical technologies to monitor and investigate the phenomenon of stuck and sluggish fermentations.

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An electronic nose for the recognition of the vineyard of a red wine

Cited by 86 publications

References 6 publications

Prospects for Clinical Application of Electronic-Nose Technology to Early Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosisin Culture and Sputum

Prospects for Clinical Application of Electronic-Nose Technology to Early Detection ofMycobacterium tuberculosisin Culture and Sputum

The electronic nose as a tool for the classification of fruit and grape wines from different Ontario wineries

Understanding Problem Fermentations – A Review

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