An Electron Microsopic Study of the Specific Granules in the Atrial Muscle Cell upon the Administration of Agents Affecting Autonomic Nerves

Okamoto, Hitoji

doi:10.1679/aohc1950.30.467

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The present findings on the formation and release as well as the constant occurrence of the specific granules in various species seem to provide further support to our view (OTSUKA, OKAMOTO and TOMISAWA, 1969;OKAMOTO, 1969) that the granules contain substances which play an indispensable role in the function of atrial cells. The fact that the number of the specific granules varies sensitively with the effect of some autonomic drugs which interfere with the catecholamine metabolism (OTSUKA, OKAMOTO and TOMISAWA, 1969;OKAMOTO, 1969) suggests that they may be closely related to the function of the atrial autonomic nervous system of the heart. Also these granules might be correlated to the stimulus conduction in the atria, because they occur only in the atria which lack an obvious conduction system, whereas the ventricles with a well developed conduction systemm have few granules.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The atria of rodents tend to contain a larger number of granules with a larger diameter, while the granules of the ungulata are conspicuously small in number and size. As suggested by our previous papers (OTSUKA, OKAMOTO and TOMISAWA, 1969;OKAMOTO, 1969), the atrial specific granules are presumed to contain substances which are important in the function of atrial muscle cells and their quantative differences among species revealed by the present study may imply the possible differences in the metabolic rates in the cells.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum occurs near the Golgi complex, though it is far less developed in comparison with other secretory grand cells. We previously reported that the specific granules decreased in the atrial muscle cells of rats treated with reserpine and increased when treated with L-DOPA (OTSUKA, OKAMOTO and TOMISAWA 1969;OKAMOTO 1969).…”

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atrial Specific Granules in Various Mammals

Tomisawa

1969

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atrial Specific Granules in Various Mammals

Tomisawa

1969

Arch. Histol. Jap., Arch. Histol. Jpn

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“…Previous work supports the concept that autonomic neuronal dysfunction might result in altered ANH secretion. Reserpine reduces atrial granularity [15] and betablockers can increase atrial granularity [16]. Recent investigations have demonstrated increased secretion of ANH from isolated rat atria exposed to epinephrine and acetylcholine [17,18], although these results have been questioned due to the absence of appropriate controls [29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Areas of the cardiac atria that are very sensitive to small changes in atrial stretch are richly supplied with nerve endings from the autonomic nervous system [14]. Changes in the number of atrial granules have been observed following manipulations of autonomic nervous system activity [15,16]. Recently, adrenergic and cholinergic agonists have been shown to stimulate ANH release in vitro [17,18] and in vivo [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic hormone in patients with diabetes mellitus

Kahn¹,

Grekin²,

Shenker³

et al. 1986

Regulatory Peptides

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In order to determine whether atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) secretion is altered in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy, plasma immunoreactive ANH (IR-ANH) levels were measured in 23 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, 12 of whom had definite cardiac autonomic neuropathy determined by noninvasive maneuvers. Levels were also measured in 31 healthy control subjects. Whereas only one of the 11 diabetics without cardiac autonomic neuropathy had elevated IR-ANH levels, four of the 12 diabetics with cardiac autonomic neuropathy had elevated IR-ANH levels (P = 0.03 compared to control subjects). 24-h urinary sodium excetion was not different among the groups. There was no significant correlation between IR-ANH levels and diabetes control and any of the parameters of autonomic nervous system activity nor between IR-ANH levels and plasma norepinephrine or epinephrine levels. Furthermore, no relationship was observed in the diabetic subjects between IR-ANH levels and left ventricular ejection fraction determined by radionuclide ventriculography. Thus, elevated IR-ANH levels occur with greater frequency in diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy. These elevations do not appear to be due to alterations in dietary sodium intake or left ventricular dysfunction.

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Specific granules of the rat atrial muscle cell

Seiden

1979

Anat. Rec.

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The specific granules found in the atrial cardiac muscle cells of the normal rat were studied. The ultrastructural appearance of these granules demonstrated a fixative-dependent lability. Fixation with cacodylate buffered aldehydes yields three types of granules. However, fixation with phosphate buffered aldehydes or primary fixation with OsO4 yields granules of uniform appearance. The granules are found predominantly in the perinuclear zone; 78% of the granules are within ten linear micrometers of the center of the nucleus. Two independent methods of measurement demonstrate spherical diameters of these granules of 0.30 micron and 0.37 micron respectively. The granules are found in greater concentration at one pole of the nucleus than at the other. On the high density side there are 4.07 granules/micrometers3 which occupy 5.8% of the cytoplasmic volume. On the low density side there are 2.15 granules/micrometers3 which occupy 3.0% of the cytoplasmic volume. The granules at both poles are the same size. Atrial walls were incubated in a modified Tyrode's solution. One hour of incubation caused no change in the atrial granules. Addition of norepinephrine or L-Dopa resulted in the appearance of more granules but the size of the granules remained the same. Incubation with reserpine had no effect upon the atrial granules. Apparently the atrial myocardial cell is stimulated by exogenous catecholamine to synthesize more atrial granules which themselves do not appear to contain catecholamines.

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An Electron Microsopic Study of the Specific Granules in the Atrial Muscle Cell upon the Administration of Agents Affecting Autonomic Nerves

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Atrial Specific Granules in Various Mammals

Atrial Specific Granules in Various Mammals

Plasma levels of immunoreactive atrial natriuretic hormone in patients with diabetes mellitus

Specific granules of the rat atrial muscle cell

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