An Electron Microscopic Study of the Pancreas and Parotid Gland of Rats with Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

Ishidate, Takuzo; Senoo, Akira; Kakizaki, G; Saito, Takayuki; Fujiwara, Yoshiyuki; Nihei, Takamasa

doi:10.1620/tjem.113.213

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In the islets of Langerhans in the ligated group, alpha cells did not show any marked changes. In the beta It has been experimentally demonstrated that histologically, a pancreatic lesion is associated with the atrophy of the parotid gland and that functionally, it is associated with decreases in amylase level and bicarbonate concentration in the saliva secreted by the parotid gland as well as with reduced salivary output (Kakizaki et al 1971(Kakizaki et al , 1972(Kakizaki et al , b, c, 1973bIshidate et al 1974). This has been evidenced also in clinical cases (Kakizaki et al 1973a(Kakizaki et al , 1974a(Kakizaki et al , b, 1975).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a series of studies on the correlation between pancreas and parotid gland, the present authors have experimentally evidenced that in the presence of pancreatitis, the parotid gland showed atrophy in histology as well as decreased parotid salivary output, declined maximal bicarbonate concentration and diminished amylase content in the saliva secreted by the parotid gland (Kakizaki et al 1971(Kakizaki et al , 1972a(Kakizaki et al , b, c, 1973bIshidate et al 1974). This observation has been applied in clinical cases, and a new diagnostic test of pancreatic lesion by the examination of the saliva secreted by the parotid glands had proved valuable in clinical cases (Kakizaki et al 1973a(Kakizaki et al , 1974a(Kakizaki et al , b, 1975.…”

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confidence: 80%

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Experimental Studies on the Pathophysiological Changes in the Pancreas of Rat following Bilateral Ligation of the Parotid Gland Duct

Kakizaki¹,

Sasahara²,

Saito³

et al. 1976

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 80%

Experimental Studies on the Pathophysiological Changes in the Pancreas of Rat following Bilateral Ligation of the Parotid Gland Duct

Kakizaki¹,

Sasahara²,

Saito³

et al. 1976

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…However, Blue 1 caused chromosomal aberrations in two studies. 75,96 Chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity Hansen et al 97 performed a chronic toxicity study using Blue 1 on rats (another study on dogs was too brief and used too few dogs to provide meaningful results). The rat study lasted 2 years and used 24 Osborne-Mendel rats/sex/group at doses of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5% of the diet.…”

Section: Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the 11 tests were negative except for a chromosomal aberration assay. 96 Chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity…”

Section: Genotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicology of food dyes

Kobylewski

Jacobson

2012

International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health

203

107

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This review finds that all of the nine currently US-approved dyes raise health concerns of varying degrees. Red 3 causes cancer in animals, and there is evidence that several other dyes also are carcinogenic. Three dyes (Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) have been found to be contaminated with benzidine or other carcinogens. At least four dyes (Blue 1, Red 40, Yellow 5, and Yellow 6) cause hypersensitivity reactions. Numerous microbiological and rodent studies of Yellow 5 were positive for genotoxicity. Toxicity tests on two dyes (Citrus Red 2 and Orange B) also suggest safety concerns, but Citrus Red 2 is used at low levels and only on some Florida oranges and Orange B has not been used for several years. The inadequacy of much of the testing and the evidence for carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and hypersensitivity, coupled with the fact that dyes do not improve the safety or nutritional quality of foods, indicates that all of the currently used dyes should be removed from the food supply and replaced, if at all, by safer colorings. It is recommended that regulatory authorities require better and independent toxicity testing, exercise greater caution regarding continued approval of these dyes, and in the future approve only well-tested, safe dyes.

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“…We have demonstrated experimentally that after a pancreatic lesion was induced, the parotid gland became atrophic, degenerative, and hypofunctional, with accompanying diminution in the total volume, amylase content, and maximal bicarbonate concentration of the parotid saliva. Furthermore, with recovery of the pancreatic lesion, the parotid gland also displayed morphological and functional recovery (Kakizaki et al 1971(Kakizaki et al , 1972Ishidate et al 1974). Conversely, it was demonstrated that after impairment of the parotid gland, the pancreas was also influenced (Kakizaki et al 1976a).…”

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confidence: 98%

The effect of long term ethanol intake on the parotid gland in rats.

Sasahara

Matsuo

Kakizaki

et al. 1990

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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To elucidate the effects of long term ethanol intake on the parotid gland, light and electron microscopic observations of the parotid glands from male Wistar rats that had been given 20% ethanol ad lib instead of water were carried out. The findings were compared with the changes in the pancreas previously reported (Kakizaki et al. 1987). The results were as follows : (1) Severe lesions involving lobular units of the parotid gland were found in three rats exposed to ethanol. (2) From the early stages of ethanol ingestion, the lateral interdigitations of acinar cells widened irregularly. In the striated ducts, basal enfoldings became also irregular and short, while the mitochondria (which were a slender rod shape and arranged parallel to the basal enfoldings in control rats) became swollen, developed a dark matrix, a decrease in the cristae, and showed random arrangement. (3) Later, both tortous proliferation of the intercalated ducts and destruction as well as irregular lamination of the basal lamina of the striated ducts were observed frequently. (4) The animals developing severe morphological changes in the pancreas following ethanol ingestion were different from the animals developing severe changes in the parotid gland.-ethanol ; parotid gland ; pathogenesis ; electron microscopy ; alcoholic pancreatitis Since 1971, we have reported a series of experimental and clinical studies concerning the relationship between the pancreas and parotid gland. We have demonstrated experimentally that after a pancreatic lesion was induced, the parotid gland became atrophic, degenerative, and hypofunctional, with accompanying diminution in the total volume, amylase content, and maximal bicarbonate concentration of the parotid saliva. Furthermore, with recovery of the pancreatic lesion, the parotid gland also displayed morphological and functional recovery (Kakizaki et al. 1971(Kakizaki et al. , 1972Ishidate et al. 1974). Conversely, it was demonstrated that after impairment of the parotid gland, the pancreas was also influenced (Kakizaki et al. 1976a). In an experimental study of parabiotic Received August 28, 1989; revision accepted for publication February 17, 1990. 251 252 M. Sasahara et al.rats, we demonstrated that a humoral transmission mechanism participates in the development of an interactive response between the pancreas and the parotid gland (Kakizaki et al. 1978). On the basis of these findings, we developed a parotid saliva test using the intramuscular injection of 1% pilocarpine hydrochloride as a screening test for the diagnosis of pancreatic disorders, and found that the test was sufficiently reliable and informative to merit an extensive clinical trial (Kakizaki et al. 1973(Kakizaki et al. , 1976b(Kakizaki et al. , 1983. The results of our parotid saliva test have been confirmed by some other authors (Grimmel et al. 1976;Nacchiero et al. 1978;Noronha et al. 1978; Mc Coll et a].. 1979a;Dudar and Gusak 1981;Medizova and Ivanov 1981) and disputed by some (Minaire et al. 1975;Dobrilla et al. 1979 ; Lankish et...

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An Electron Microscopic Study of the Pancreas and Parotid Gland of Rats with Experimental Acute Pancreatitis

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Experimental Studies on the Pathophysiological Changes in the Pancreas of Rat following Bilateral Ligation of the Parotid Gland Duct

Experimental Studies on the Pathophysiological Changes in the Pancreas of Rat following Bilateral Ligation of the Parotid Gland Duct

Toxicology of food dyes

The effect of long term ethanol intake on the parotid gland in rats.

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