An electrical bio-chip to transfer and detect electromagnetic stimulation on the cells based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotubes as a Unique Material for Biomedical Applications

“…This was largely due to the penetrating VACNT-electrodes increasing the selectivity by filling in gaps that traditionally exist between the cuff electrode and nerve. Rafizade-Tafti and Abdolahad utilized VACNT as a nanosize field enhancer to study the bioelectrical changes in cells upon electromagnetic stimulation. , In their work, lung cancer cells were cultured on VACNTs whose tips penetrated their cell membrane. Upon electromagnetic wave irradiation, cells experienced electrochemical variations that lowered their impedance.…”

“…Upon electromagnetic wave irradiation, cells experienced electrochemical variations that lowered their impedance. Furthermore, they combined this impedance-based biosensor and transducer for EM stimuli in one system to manage the transmembrane charge and achieve controllable apoptosis . In another example, Shin et al designed a flexible tissue actuator with VACNTs MEAs integrated in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) bonded on a flexible hydrogel layer (Figure B) .…”

“…Furthermore, they combined this impedance-based biosensor and transducer for EM stimuli in one system to manage the transmembrane charge and achieve controllable apoptosis. 139 In another example, Shin et al designed a flexible tissue actuator with VACNTs MEAs integrated in gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) bonded on a flexible hydrogel layer (Figure 4B). 65 Cardiomyocytes were then cultured on the CNT-GelMA hybrid hydrogel surface to induce maturation of cardiac muscle tissues.…”