An efficient wide flatness gain bandwidth with parallel hybrid fiber amplifier

Abstract

In this article, we experimentally propose an efficient wide flat gain bandwidth with a parallel hybrid fiber amplifier. The setup includes parallel amplifier branches. In the first branch, serial erbium-doped and Raman fiber amplifiers are used. In the second branch, only a Raman fiber amplifier is used. Three Raman pump power units (i.e., 1410, 1480, and 1495 nm) are used to achieve Raman gain at different optical communication bands. At optimum pump powers and at a small-signal power of À30 dBm, an average gain of 18.5 dB with a maximum gain variation of 3 dB and a gain flatness bandwidth of 83 nm, that is, from 1527 to 1610 nm, is achieved. This gain flatness is expanded to 92 nm (1525-1617 nm) at a large input signal power of À5 dBm with an average gain level of 13 dB. In our proposed amplifier, the Raman amplification peaks (1510 and 1595 nm) are chosen to be far from the erbium amplification peak (1530-1570 nm) in order to avoid the overlapping and the saturation in the first amplifier branch. Therefore, due to such wavelength optimization in addition to the recycling the residual Raman pump power, a wide flatness gain bandwidth is achieved for both of low and large input signal powers.

The gain and noise figure comparison of single‐pass, double‐pass, and dual‐stage triple‐pass thulium‐doped fiber amplifiers in S‐band with thulium‐doped fiber optimization

“…Erbium‐doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) are the most frequently used ones, which can achieve high efficiency in the C‐band and L‐band 5–7 . There are also some hybrid optical amplifier studies with EDFA and other amplifiers 8–10 . On the other hand, thulium‐doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) with good gain in S‐band seem to be a good alternative to EDFAs 11,12 .…”

“…[5][6][7] There are also some hybrid optical amplifier studies with EDFA and other amplifiers. [8][9][10] On the other hand, thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) with good gain in S-band seem to be a good alternative to EDFAs. 11,12 To obtain a good gain and low noise figure in TDFA, there are some studies conducted by changing basic parameters such as TDF length, pumping power, and thulium ion density.…”