The gain and noise figure comparison of single‐pass, double‐pass, and dual‐stage triple‐pass thulium‐doped fiber amplifiers in S‐band with thulium‐doped fiber optimization

Abstract

This study presents a comparison of three different S-band thulium-doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) designs. The gain performances of the amplifiers are analyzed based on each scheme, separately. With −20 dBm input power, to provide ground-state and excited-state absorptions, the 1050 nm pump is used in all designs. The thulium-doped fiber (TDF) lengths are optimized for maximum gain by using the single parameter single result optimization of Optisystem 18.0 software. A reflector is integrated into the double-pass and dual-stage triple-pass TDFA to allow double propagation. Compared to double-pass TDFA, in dualstage triple-pass TDFA design, gain values increased without changing the stable bandwidth. 42.77 dB gain is demonstrated for two optimized TDF lengths; L1: 5 m and L2: 4.8 m, while noise figure values are higher than the other schemes. This comparison is important to show that the dual-stage triple-pass TDFA design could be suitable for obtaining higher gain in wider stable bandwidth in the fiber optic communication systems.

Modelling and Optimizations of Triple-Pass TDFAs for Next-Generation Fiber Optical Communication Systems

“…In addition, in some research, the gain has been increased by adding a mirror or an optical circulator to the basic TDFA design with double-pass con gurations [27][28][29][30][31]. In some of them, these designs are called double-pass; in others, they are called double-stage [30][31].…”

“…Harun et al used and compared two types of two-stage triple-pass EDFAs [34]. On the other hand, considering the S-band, no study has been done on the TP-TDFA other than the research we have done before [30].…”

“…To increase the gain of the TDFA, in some studies, the ampli er parameters were changed [15][16][17][18][19][20], while in others, different pumping con gurations were used to excite all thulium ions [21][22][23][24][25][26]. In addition, in some research, the gain has been increased by adding a mirror or an optical circulator to the basic TDFA design with double-pass con gurations [27][28][29][30][31]. In some of them, these designs are called double-pass; in others, they are called double-stage [30][31].…”

Pumping scheme for Holmium‐doped fiber amplifiers using traditional 1480 nm pumps exploiting cascaded lasers implemented using fiber Bragg gratings

“…They found that dual-stage triple-pass TDFA offers the optimal design. 17 Yigit et al proposed a three-stage six-pass EDFA as a preamplifier and its performance was analyzed after optimizing various design parameters. 18 To further elaborate on the literature survey, the above discussed past studies related to HDFAs have been summarized in Table 1.…”

“…Murat et al compared different S‐band TDFA designs considering the performance metrics of gain and NF. They found that dual‐stage triple‐pass TDFA offers the optimal design 17 . Yigit et al proposed a three‐stage six‐pass EDFA as a preamplifier and its performance was analyzed after optimizing various design parameters 18 .…”