An Efficient V2I Authentication Scheme for VANETs

Abstract

e advent of intelligent transportation system has a crucial impact on the traffic safety and efficiency. To cope with security issues such as spoofing attack and forgery attack, many authentication schemes for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have been developed, which are based on the hypothesis that secret keys are kept perfectly secure. However, key exposure is inevitable on account of the openness of VANET environment. To address this problem, key insulation is introduced in our proposed scheme. With a helper device, vehicles could periodically update their own secret keys. In this way, the forward and backward secrecy has been achieved. In addition, the elliptic curve operations have been integrated to improve the performance. e random oracle model is adopted to prove the security of the proposed scheme, and the experiment has been conducted to demonstrate the comparison between our scheme and the existing similar schemes.

Dynamic anonymous identity authentication (DAIA) scheme for VANET

“…This paper mainly compares with the execution time on V2I communication among six schemes: Zhou's, 16 CPAS, 19 EAAP, 33 Tzeng's, 25 b-SPECS+, 34 and our DAIA, in which Zhou's verification scheme is based on ECC, CPAS and b-SPECS+ scheme use batch-based verification on bilinear pairing to achieve verification, EAAP scheme uses asymmetric cryptography in the verification phase, and Tzeng's scheme uses batch-based verification on ECC for message verification. Those six algorithms are simulated using a laptop equipped with an Intel i5-8300H with 2.3 GHz CPU, 16G RAM.…”

“…Those six algorithms are simulated using a laptop equipped with an Intel i5-8300H with 2.3 GHz CPU, 16G RAM. This paper mainly compares with the execution time on V2I communication among six schemes: Zhou's, 16 CPAS, 19 EAAP, 33 Tzeng's, 25 b-SPECS+, 34 and our DAIA, in which Zhou's verification scheme is based on ECC, CPAS and b-SPECS+ scheme use batch-based verification on bilinear pairing to achieve verification, EAAP scheme uses asymmetric cryptography in the verification phase, and Tzeng's scheme uses batch-based verification on ECC for message verification. The six schemes comparison is shown in Table 2: Figure 2 shows the comparison among EAAP, CPAS, Zhou's scheme, Tzeng's scheme, b-SPECS+, and our DAIA with V2I.…”

“…[18][19][20] In addition, some authentication schemes using elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC) are also presented. 16,19 However, the assumption of ideal TPDs is too strong. 25 Moreover, some protocols rely on an ideal tamper-proof device (TPD) to achieve the off-line authentication.…”

“…14 In addition, the key used in vehicle-to-vehicle and V2I should also be updated periodically; otherwise, the vehicle is still unsecure even if the pseudonym is frequently updated. Later, Lu et al 15 proposed a dynamic privacy-preserving key management scheme, and Zhou et al 16 proposed a dynamic public and private key scheme. However, if all RSU are compromised, the vehicle's information is easily to be leaked, and the attacker can infer vehicular trajectory information and other sensitive data.…”

“…25 Moreover, some protocols rely on an ideal tamper-proof device (TPD) to achieve the off-line authentication. 16,19 However, the assumption of ideal TPDs is too strong. In practice, the manufactured TPDs can be expected to resist the known attacks, 26 and the side-channel attack is threatening its security.…”