An efficient solution of an integral equation applicable to simulation of propagation along irregular terrain

Akorli, Felix Korbla; Costa, Emanoel

doi:10.1109/8.933482

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It is comparable in some ways to the Parabolic Wave Equation Method [21], [22], although it cannot take atmospheric structure into account (except for the usual 4/3 earth correction) and is based on integration rather than a differential equation. Another method based on integration is the Integral Equation Method [23], which, however, integrates over the ground. The calculations are slow compared to more traditional methods that do not require repeated integration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical optics and field-strength predictions for wireless systems

Whitteker¹

2002

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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Physical optics, or Fresnel-Kirchhoff theory, is often used for studies of particular problems in terrestrial radio-wave propagation. With efficient techniques of numerical integration, it can also be used effectively for routine predictions and for designing terrestrial wireless systems. A computer program of this type has been in use for several years. It is most useful in situations in which the base station (BS) antenna is above local clutter, and over areas large enough that ground cover can be characterized with categories such as "open," "forest," "dense residential," etc., rather than individual buildings. The main calculation is a marching algorithm that simulates diffraction over all the variations in terrain height along radials from the BS. A secondary calculation estimates the additional attenuation due to buildings and trees close to the mobile antenna. This part of the calculation is based on several parameters characterizing the local environment of the mobile antenna. Calculations are slow compared to many traditional methods, but are fast enough for routine use on a PC. Index Terms-land mobile radio propagation factors, physical optics, radio propagation, radio propagation terrain factors, ultrahigh frequency radio propagation terrain factors. James H. (Jim) Whitteker received the B.Sc. degree from Carleton University, Ottawa, in 1962, and the Ph.D. degree in physics from the University of British Columbia, in 1967. He was a postdoctoral fellow at University College London in 1967-1969, working in atomic collisions. He worked at the Communications Research Centre in Ottawa from 1969 to 1999. For the first ten years, his work was on the structure and dynamics of the polar topside ionosphere. For the next 20 years, he worked on VHF and UHF terrestrial radio-wave propagation, and on related topics including topographic data. In 1999, he joined Northwood Technologies, which is now part of Marconi, to do research and development in radio-wave propagation. His particular interest is the use of physical-optics techniques for calculating diffraction attenuation due to terrain obstructions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical optics and field-strength predictions for wireless systems

Whitteker¹

2002

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

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“…An integral equation approach [9] is very slow. The algorithms [10] provide considerable savings in processing time for the solution of this equation. The parabolic equation method for describing electromagnetic propagation in vertically stratified troposphere [11] could be used.…”

Section: Numerical Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Far-Field Antenna Range

Černý¹,

Doleček²,

Kopecky³

et al. 2015

RADIOENGINEERING

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Measurements of test antennas are performed on antenna ranges. The operated microwave far-field outdoor range was built-up in 1970's and therefore it was not appropriate for the today measurements. Thus, it was decided to perform the complete reconstruction and testing. Some results of new ample measurement campaign are just given. The optimization of antenna range using merely measurement is very inefficient, and therefore that is done by numerical simulations. Consequently the paper surveys briefly electromagnetic wave propagation over irregular terrain. The physical optics approximation of vector problem was chosen. That allows the comparison of selected numerical simulations and measurements for the reconstructed far-field range. A possibility of antenna range optimizing by using numerical simulation considering various constraints is verified.

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“…Furthermore, the good agreement between the FBSA and measured results confirm the consistency of the method to be used for a section of the three-dimensional (3-D) environment, though the FBSA is based on the two-dimensional (2-D) Green's function. Use of other 2-D Green's function based integral equations for 3-D environments has been presented in the literature before [14]- [21]. We have chosen the FBSA among these methods, because of its O(N ) computational cost, to examine the propagation models over electrically large terrain profiles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of existent propagation models over large inhomogeneous terrain profiles using fast integral equation solution

Tunc

Altintas

Ertürk

2005

IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat.

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The accuracy of most widely used empirical models are investigated using the spectrally accelerated forward-backward (FBSA) method as a benchmark solution. First, FBSA results are obtained for propagation over large scale terrain profiles and compared with measurements to assess the accuracy of FBSA. Then, accuracy of some International Telecommunication Union (ITU) and Federal Communications Commission (FCC) propagation models are investigated. It has been observed that, for rural areas, the prediction of the most recent ITU recommended propagation model (Rec. 1546) deviates much more than older models do. © 2005 IEEE

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An efficient solution of an integral equation applicable to simulation of propagation along irregular terrain

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Physical optics and field-strength predictions for wireless systems

Physical optics and field-strength predictions for wireless systems

Optimization of Far-Field Antenna Range

Examination of existent propagation models over large inhomogeneous terrain profiles using fast integral equation solution

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