An efficient fractal rectenna for RF energy harvest at 2.45 GHz ISM band

With the significant rise of low power embedded devices in various applications of both consumer and commercial usage, the surge for continuous power requirements has initiated promising research toward alternative sources of energy. It includes the domain of wireless power transmission, internet‐of‐things, wireless sensor nodes, machine‐to‐machine, and radio frequency identification. Thus, the overall scope of this review article is to witness microwave antennas and its implementation in RF energy harvesting system through ambient RF signals. For this reason, unified understanding of classical electromagnetism is needed; beginning with the fundamentals of RF transmission and the exploration of concepts such as Fraunhofer's Distance and Friis Transmission Equation. It is followed up by the analogy of dependency of parameters like circuit build‐up, conversion efficiencies and amount of power harvested, which is quite crucial from the rectifier point‐of‐view. For better improvisement in RF energy harvesting systems, five different cases of monopole antennas are explored with reflector surfaces such as PEC (perfect electrical conductor) and AMC (artificial magnetic conductor) integrated with the rectifier circuit. Implementation with wide diversity has proposed a generalized solution for achieving tradeoffs: polarization and pattern diversity with consistent system efficiency; leads to clean and sustainable energy for low power‐embedded devices.

Section: Microwave Antennas In Rf Energy Harvesting Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

Behera

Meher

Mishra

2020

“…Since, the received power of the antenna is responsible for efficient operation of the RF energy harvesting system, it becomes essential to utilize an antenna with quite good efficiency and reasonable gain. In order to maximize the received power without substantially increasing its overall size, the researchers have implemented various attractive techniques in antenna design . After taking into consideration various factors for the efficient antenna design, the design of the rectifying circuit, comprising of the rectifier and the matching unit, is quite important in order to provide maximum RF to dc conversion efficiency .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to maximize the received power without substantially increasing its overall size, the researchers have implemented various attractive techniques in antenna design. [3][4][5][6] After taking into consideration various factors for the efficient antenna design, the design of the rectifying circuit, comprising of the rectifier and the matching unit, is quite important in order to provide maximum RF to dc conversion efficiency. 7 The ideal matching unit in the rectifying circuit should be able to facilitate the conversion of maximum available ambient RF power to DC voltage at the load terminal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An efficient dual‐band rectenna using symmetrical rectifying circuit and slotted monopole antenna array

Chandravanshi

Akhtar

2020

In this article, an efficient dual‐band rectenna making use of the newly proposed symmetrical rectifying circuit working at the frequency of 1.8 and 2.45 GHz, is proposed. The proposed dual‐band rectifying circuit is combined with an array of compact wideband planar monopole modified circular slot antenna in order to facilitate the efficient rectenna design. The rectifying circuit employs symmetrical matching network in addition to the symmetrical rectifier thereby facilitating the suppression of the odd order harmonics. This eventually results into the higher output voltage as compared to the conventional rectifier circuits. Moreover, the dual‐band topology of the proposed rectenna increases the overall voltage by harvesting energy from two independent RF sources. The measured results of the fabricated structure show that the maximum RF to dc conversion efficiency of the proposed rectifier circuit reaches up to 70% at 9 dBm input RF power. From application point of view, the proposed rectenna circuit is tested to extract the RF energy from 1.8 GHz cellular and 2.45 GHz Wi‐Fi bands to energize a low‐power LED. The overall rectenna structure is reasonably compact providing good performance, which can potentially be employed for efficient wireless power transmission system.

“…Advantages of defected ground structure (DGS) are also discussed in this article. A Levy C curve‐based fractal rectenna along with slotted ground structure was reported in Reference, for RF energy harvesting. An X‐shaped fractal antenna was presented in Reference, for multiple applications including public safety, but size of antenna is quite high.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the design of planar antenna using Fibonacci word fractal geometry in support of public safety

Singh

2018

In this article, a planar antenna based on Fibonacci word fractal geometry with defected ground structure (DGS) has been investigated. A novel type of antenna radiator is proposed using Fibonacci word fractal which works for public safety and dedicated short range public safety applications. Size of proposed antenna is 50 × 44 mm and it resonates at 4.9 and 5.9 GHz having bandwidth ranging from 4.8 to 5.1 GHz and 5.8 to 6.8 GHz, respectively. Defected Ground Structure is used to improve gain for lower frequency band. Representative results of fractal patch antenna are reported to access the effectiveness of the developed approach in public safety applications. Simulation and experimental result confirms the efficiency of Whale Optimization Algorithm for antenna design. Experimentally measured results are matches well with simulated results and quite promising.