An Efficient Control Strategy for Enhancing Frequency Stability of Multi-Area Power System Considering High Wind Energy Penetration

Khamies, Mohamed; Magdy, Gaber; Ebeed, Mohamed; Banakhr, Fahd; Kamel, Salah

doi:10.1109/access.2020.3012119

Cited by 37 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, heuristic and meta-heuristic optimization methods have been recently applied in solving different optimization problems including determining the optimum constraints of the frequency controller. In the following, different meta-heuristic optimization methods were used for determining PI/PID controller parameters such as; slap swarm algorithm [22], lightning attachment procedure optimization [4], moth swarm optimization [23], and imperialist competitive algorithm [24]. Also, a new predictive functional modified PID has been established to keep the system performance stable during system uncertainties [25].…”

Section: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, this strategy gives better performance than using the LQG controller alone [17]. However, different studies considered different optimization techniques to determine the optimum constraints of the LQR, and LQG [4], [44].…”

Section: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it is necessary to avoid any reasons that lead to deviations in the system frequency/voltage to preserve the reliability and security of the system. From all possible solutions, load frequency control (LFC) is regarded as the best solution to eliminate the frequency and tie-line power deviations in interconnected systems, thus return the system to its normal operation [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Model Predictive and Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control for Frequency Stability of Power Systems Considering Wind Energy

et al. 2021

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This work presents a new robust control technique which combines a model predictive control (MPC) and linear quadratic gaussian (LQG) approach to support the frequency stability of modern power systems. Moreover, the constraints of the proposed robust controller (MPC-LQG) are fine-tuned based on a new technique titled Chimp optimization algorithm (ChOA). The effectiveness of the proposed robust controller is tested and verified through a multi-area power system (i.e., single-area and two-area power systems). Each area contains a thermal power plant as a conventional generation source considering physical constraints (i.e. generation rate constraint, and governor dead band) in addition to a wind power plant as a renewable resource. The superiority of the proposed robust controller is confirmed by contrasting its performance to that of other controllers which were used in load frequency control studies (e.g., conventional integral and MPC). Also, the ChOA's ingenuity is verified over several other powerful optimization techniques; particle swarm optimization, gray wolf optimization, and ant lion optimizer). The simulation outcomes reveal the effectiveness as well as the robustness of the proposed MPC-LQG controller based on the ChOA under different operating conditions considering different load disturbances and several penetration levels of the wind power.

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Section: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Model Predictive and Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control for Frequency Stability of Power Systems Considering Wind Energy

et al. 2021

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“…As a result, these WTGs are incapable of offering inertial support and governor response without additional control strategy [3]. Therefore, frequency response of a power system is likely to deteriorate under high wind penetration [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Frequency and Voltage Stability-Based Load Shedding Technique for Low Inertia Power Systems

et al. 2021

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The aim of this research work is to develop a load shedding methodology to improve the frequency response of low inertia grids by attaining satisfactory voltage stability. In recent times, wind energy integration has considerably increased in many power grids. Consequently, conventional synchronous machines are being replaced from dispatch. Unlike traditional synchronous machines, variable speed wind turbine generators usually do not take part in frequency regulation without supplementary control mechanism. During substantial wind penetration, a power system may have a small number of online synchronous machines. As a result, synchronous inertia and governor responsive reserve significantly reduce. Under such situation, a system has to rely on load shedding as a last line of defense to rescue the system frequency following a large contingency. However, the conventional Under-Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) strategy may lead to larger frequency deviation and higher amount of load cut in certain cases. A new load shedding methodology is presented in this paper to overcome this challenge. Unlike conventional UFLS technique, higher proportion of load shedding is applied to relatively weaker buses in terms of voltage stability in the proposed mechanism. Based on reactive power margin, which is an index to specify voltage stability, a general expression to quantify load shedding is derived. Also, the adaptability of the proposed strategy to various load levels is ensured. Later on, performances of the developed strategy are explored in a low inertia wind dominated test network. Simulations are executed considering various penetration levels of wind power and for two severe contingencies -loss of 550 MW interconnection and loss of 650 MW interconnection. Investigations reveal that the proposed load shedding methodology ensures satisfactory frequency response in all simulation cases. Also, the developed technique yields less frequency deviation and load cut compared to the conventional UFLS mechanism. Therefore, the reported load shedding scheme is found to be more competent to concurrently maintain frequency and voltage stabilities in renewable dominated power systems.

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“…This paper concludes that for the frequency regulation of multi‐area power system, LQG forms a promising solution in comparison with LQR and conventional PID control. In Reference 24, a three area power system with high penetration of wind energy resource is considered for analysis. Lightning Attachment Procedure Optimization algorithm is used for the design of the controller, which is a combination of PID control and LQG technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSO based LQR‐PID output feedback for load frequency control of reduced power system model using balanced truncation

Pillai

Samuel

2021

Int Trans Electr Energ Syst

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Hydro power plants are in general more stable to the load demands and thus the change in frequency can be easily controlled. Whereas in multi-source interconnected power system the stability of the system is marginal. In certain conditions the system is also unmeasurable to implement the load frequency control. Linear Quadratic Regulator with output feedback design forms a familiar optimal choice to tackle this problem, but the technique is dependent on the choice of the weighting matrices Q and R for the performance index.Particle swarm optimization technique is commonly used in power system applications for obtaining the weighting matrices. In this paper, an output feedback-based LQR-PID technique is used to obtain an improved response for the multisource systems. Due to integral action, the steady-state value achieved for the change in frequency is minimized. In addition, if the system is unmeasurable LQR technique cannot be applied, in the literature, Linear Quadratic Gaussian is used for the same. Here a balanced truncation model order reduction is used on the original system to convert it to a measurable system.In addition, a comparative analysis is included to highlight the efficacy of the proposed control technique.

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An Efficient Control Strategy for Enhancing Frequency Stability of Multi-Area Power System Considering High Wind Energy Penetration

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

Optimal Model Predictive and Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control for Frequency Stability of Power Systems Considering Wind Energy

Optimal Model Predictive and Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control for Frequency Stability of Power Systems Considering Wind Energy

A Frequency and Voltage Stability-Based Load Shedding Technique for Low Inertia Power Systems

PSO based LQR‐PID output feedback for load frequency control of reduced power system model using balanced truncation

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