An effective synthesis of bio-based pentamethylene diisocyanate in a jet loop reactor

Sustainable cycloaliphatic polyurethanes: from synthesis to applications

“…179 This hardener shows good resistance to aging, scratching and chemical treatment. 180 Isosorbide and isomannide have been recently studied for the synthesis of diisocyanates. Also, 1,4:3,6 dianhydrohexitols are converted into the corresponding 2,5-diamino compounds before phosgenation into diisocyanate.…”

Synthesis, Monomer Removal, Modification, and Coating Performances of Biobased Pentamethylene Diisocyanate Isocyanurate Trimers

“…20,21 Another key component of the waterborne 2K-PU coating, namely the biobased polyisocyanate curing agent, has also been reported. 22 Owing to the increasing attention to environmental protection, energy savings, and emission reduction, in addition to pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), biobased diisocyanates such as L-lysine diisocyanate (LDI), 1,16-diisocyanatohexadec-8-ene (HDEDI), and 1,4-butanediisocyanate (BDI) have emerged. 23−26 In 2015, Covestro launched the first commercial biobased PDI isocyanurate trimer (PDI-T) curing agent, Desmodur eco N7300, in which approximately 71% of the carbon content is biobased.…”

“…In contrast, biobased materials have low-life-cycle carbon emissions and can promote carbon neutrality, which is essential for the sustainable development of such coatings . There are many reports on the use of biobased polyols from renewable carbon sources to prepare biobased polyurethane coatings. , Another key component of the waterborne 2K-PU coating, namely the biobased polyisocyanate curing agent, has also been reported . Owing to the increasing attention to environmental protection, energy savings, and emission reduction, in addition to pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI), biobased diisocyanates such as l -lysine diisocyanate (LDI), 1,16-diisocyanatohexadec-8-ene (HDEDI), and 1,4-butanediisocyanate (BDI) have emerged. − In 2015, Covestro launched the first commercial biobased PDI isocyanurate trimer (PDI-T) curing agent, Desmodur eco N7300, in which approximately 71% of the carbon content is biobased.…”

“…Our group has created a complete, mature technology route for biobased PDI. First, we fermented biomass sugar to form l -lysine, then converted l -lysine into 1,5-pentanediamine or cadaverine by lysine decarboxylase, and finally synthesized PDI using 1,5-pentanediamine as the raw material. ,− We also found that PDI shows excellent adhesion performance when applied to adhesives . In this work, we used PDI as a raw material to synthesize the PDI isocyanurate trimer and allophanate-modified PDI isocyanurate trimer (PDI-T-M) by introducing butanediol, then removed the unreacted free PDI monomer to prepare PDI isocyanurate curing agents, and finally prepared 2K-PU coatings to verify the coating performances.…”

Highly efficient synthesis of novel bio-based pentamethylene dicarbamate via carbonylation of pentanediamine with ethyl carbamate over well-defined titanium oxide catalysts

“…Pentamethylene diisocyanate (PDI) is an emerging isocyanate with high performance applied in the syntheses of high-grade polyurethane coatings, adhesives, elastomers, and wind turbine blades. 9,10 As the feedstock for the production of PDI, PDA is a natural five-carbon diamine produced from lysine, which is obtained from biomass such as forage corn starch through bio-fermentation engineering. 11,12 Accordingly, PDI contains 71% renewable carbon and the green production of PDI is beneficial for carbon neutrality.…”