An effective flame retardant for poly(ethylene terephthalate) synthesized by phosphaphenanthrene and cyclotriphosphazene

Fang, Yinchun; Zhou, Xiang; Xing, Zhiqi; Wu, Yarong

doi:10.1002/app.45246

Cited by 53 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As shown in Figure 2, the FT-IR analysis of DOPO [36,37,38]: 2385 cm −1 (P-H); 1608 cm −1 , 1591 cm −1 and 1557 cm −1 (phenyl); 1447 cm −1 (P-phenyl); 1260 cm −1 (P=O); 892 cm −1 (P-O-phenyl). The FT-IR analysis of DOPO-ITA: 1704 cm −1 (C=O); 1608 cm −1 , 1595 cm −1 and 1581 cm −1 (phenyl); 1429 cm −1 (P-phenyl), 1245 cm −1 (P=O), 913 cm −1 (P-O-phenyl).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of DOPO-ITA Modified Ethyl Cellulose and Its Application in Phenolic Foams

Gong

Liao

et al. 2018

Polymers

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In order to improve the performance of phenolic foam, an additive compound of 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and Itaconic acid (ITA) were attached on the backbone of ethyl cellulose (EC) and obtained DOPO-ITA modified EC (DIMEC), which was used to modify phenolic resin and composite phenolic foams (CPFs). The structures of DOPO-ITA were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The molecular structure and microstructure were characterized by FT-IR spectra and SEM, respectively. Compared with EC, the crystallinity of DIMEC was dramatically decreased, and the diffraction peak positions were basically unchanged. Additionally, thermal stability was decreased and Ti decreased by 24 °C. The residual carbon (600 °C) was increased by 25.7%. With the dosage of DIMEC/P increased, the Ea values of DIMEC composite phenolic resins were increased gradually. The reaction orders were all non-integers. Compared with PF, the mechanical properties, flame retardancy, and the residual carbon (800 °C) of CPFs were increased. The cell size of CPFs was less and the cell distribution was relatively regular. By comprehensive analysis, the suitable dosage of DIMEC/P was no more than 15%.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of DOPO-ITA Modified Ethyl Cellulose and Its Application in Phenolic Foams

Gong

Liao

et al. 2018

Polymers

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“…As shown in Figure , the FT‐IR analysis of DOPO was summarized as follows: 2436 cm −1 (PH), 1593 cm −1 and 1603 cm −1 (phenyl group),1477 cm −1 (P‐phenyl), 1236 cm −1 (PO), 903 cm −1 (POphenyl). The FTIR analysis of GPTS: 1086 cm −1 (SiO), 2942 cm −1 and 2841 cm −1 (CH 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of DOPO‐g‐GPTS modified wood fiber and its effects on the properties of composite phenolic foams

Geng

Zhang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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A novel 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) grafted γ-glycidoxy propyl trimethoxy silane (GPTS) was synthesized and introduced on the surface of wood fiber (WF). DOPO-g-GPTS modified wood fiber (DGMWF) was then used to prepare DGMWF composite phenolic foam (DGMWFCPF). The structures of DOPO-g-GPTS were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR). The structure of DGMWF was confirmed by FT-IR. The crystallinity of DGMWF was slightly increased, however, the diffraction peak positions were basically unchanged. In addition, the thermal stability was dramatically improved, and T i and T max increased by 26.6 and 33.2 C respectively. The carbon residue (800 C) was reduced by 3.65%. By comparison with pure phenolic foam, the mechanical properties, flame retardancy of DGMWFCPF were increased. No significant changes were observed for the microstructure. By comprehensive analysis, the interfacial compatibility was significantly improved between DGMWF and phenolic resin. The suitable dosage of DGMWF was 4-6%.

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“…As shown in Fig. 3, the FT-IR analysis of DOPO [25][26][27]: 2384.9 cm -1 (P-H); 1608 cm -1 , 1589.6 cm -1 and 1559 cm -1 (phenyl); 1446.3 cm -1 (P-phenyl). The FT-IR analysis of CNSL [10,14]: 3345.5 cm -1 (phenyl-OH); 2926.2 cm -1 (-CH2-) and 2853.6 cm -1 (-CH3) in the side chain of CNSL; 995.4 cm -1 and 722.1 cm -1 (-C=C-) in the side chain of CNSL.…”

Section: Ft-ir Of Dopo-g-cnslmentioning

confidence: 85%

Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO-g-CNSL and Its Effect on the Properties of Phenolic Foams

Ma¹,

Gong²,

Xie³

et al. 2019

Journal of Renewable Materials

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In order to improve the mechanical properties without reducing its flame retardancy of phenolic foams (PFs), 9, 10-dihydro-9-oxa-10phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) was introduced in the structure of cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) to improve its flame retardant, and the product of DOPO grafting CNSL (DOPO-g-CNSL) was obtained to modify phenolic resin, and to prepare DOPO-g-CNSL modified PFs (DCMPFs). The structures of DOPO-g-CNSL were verified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1 H-NMR). Compared with CNSL, thermal stability of DOPO-g-CNSL was decreased and Ti decreased by 3.53%, but the residual carbon (800°C) was increased by 35.05%. Compared with pure PF, the mechanical properties, toughness and flame retardancy of DCMPFs were increased when the ratio of DOPO-g-CNSL to phenol (DOPO-g-CNSL/P) was no more than 10%. With the dosage of DOPO-g-CNSL/P increased, Ti of DCMPFs was slightly increased, but the carbon residues (800°C) were almost unchanged. And the cell sizes of DCMPFs were basically the same as the pure PF. By comprehensive analysis, the suitable dosage of DOPO-g-CNSL/P was no more than 10%.

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An effective flame retardant for poly(ethylene terephthalate) synthesized by phosphaphenanthrene and cyclotriphosphazene

Cited by 53 publications

References 31 publications

Preparation and Characterization of DOPO-ITA Modified Ethyl Cellulose and Its Application in Phenolic Foams

Preparation and Characterization of DOPO-ITA Modified Ethyl Cellulose and Its Application in Phenolic Foams

Synthesis of DOPO‐g‐GPTS modified wood fiber and its effects on the properties of composite phenolic foams

Synthesis and Characterization of DOPO-g-CNSL and Its Effect on the Properties of Phenolic Foams

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