An effect of heat input, weld atmosphere and weld cooling conditions on the resistance spot weldability of 316L austenitic stainless steel

Kocabekir, Bayram; Kaçar, Ramazan; Gündüz, Süleyman; Hayat, Fatih

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.05.026

Cited by 80 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…During the SLM process, the metallic powders are completely molten by the laser beam, which enables the production of individual parts with high density and excellent mechanical properties [14][15][16] . With respect to the material aspects, various investigations in SLM process have been conducted using 316L stainless steel (SS316L) powder because of its superior mechanical properties, including excellent corrosion and oxidation resistance, high heat resistance, and good weldability [17][18][19][20] . In the SLM process, it is well known that there are more than 100 parameters affecting the quality of nal products 21) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting by Variation in Laser Energy Density

et al. 2016

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Selective laser melting (SLM) is an attractive manufacturing technique for the production of metal parts with complex geometries and high performance. This manufacturing process is characterized by highly localized laser energy inputs during short interaction times which signicantly affect the densi cation process. In this present work, experimental investigation of fabricating 316L stainless steel parts by SLM process was conducted to determine the effect of different laser energy densities on the densi cation behavior and resultant microstructural development. It was found that using a low laser energy density below 50 J/mm 3 produced an instable melt pool that resulted in the formation of unmelted particles, pores, cracks, and balling in the as-built parts with low densi cation. In contrast, the as-built parts at a high energy density above 200 J/mm 3 showed irregular scan tracks with a number of pores and metal balls that decreased part density. The optimal laser energy density range was accordingly determined to be 58-200 J/mm 3 by eliminating obvious SLM defects, which led to near full densi cation. The SLM samples fabricated using optimal parameters allowed observation of a microhardness of 280 Hv, ultimate strength of 570 MPa, and yield strength of 530 MPa that were higher than those of the as-cast and wrought 316L stainless steel.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Densification Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting by Variation in Laser Energy Density

et al. 2016

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“…Nugget size increased when weld time and weld current were enhanced. It is known that the increase in energy input caused by an enhancement in effective current and weld time increased the nugget size of the weld [8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Similar studies on galvanized interstitial free (cold formable) steel sheets with austenitic stainless steel sheets were carried out by Vural and Akkus [18].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2, 3 and Tables 2, 4). Hayat [10,11], Kocabekir [12], Vural and Akkus [18], Hasanbaşoglu et al [19], Gupta [20], and Sharma et al [21] reported that the TLBC of spot-welded materials increased due to an enlargement of nugget size.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adhesive weld bonding of interstitial free steel at spot welding for automotive application

Hayat¹,

Demir²,

Acarer³

et al. 2010

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In this study, the effect of adhesive bonding on strength and strength-ductility behaviour of welding joint in electrical resistance spot welding of 7315 grade IF steel sheets was investigated. 7315 grade (DIN EN 10130-1999) IF steels were adhesively bonded and different welding current and welding cycle conditions were performed in welding process. For adhesive bonding, Loctite Terostat 9120-Grey and Terostat 9220-Black grade adhesive bonders were used. Additionally, adhesively bonded joint samples were also performed without welding. Microstructure and tensile-shear tests of the adhesively bonded and welded materials were evaluated. Failure modes of the weld bonded tensile sheared samples were observed to be different from only welded samples. Experimental results have shown that with the increase in the weld time and weld current, the effect of the adhesive weld bonding on tensile performance also increases.K e y w o r d s : IF (Interstitial-Free) sheet steel, resistance spot welding, adhesive weld bonding, tension test

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“…RSW is a welding method used to join metal sheets up to 5 mm thickness (Sevim, 2005;Kocabekir et al, 2008). It is the most important welding technique in the production of automotive and other industrial applications (Aslanlar, 2006;Sevim, 2006;Eisazadeh et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental study on fracture toughness of resistance spot welded galvanized and ungalvanized DP 450 steel sheets used in automotive body

Sevim

2016

REVMETAL

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ABSTRACT:The purpose of this study is to determine fracture toughness of Resistance Spot Welded (RSW) Dual Phase (DP) steels. RSW of galvanized and ungalvanized DP 450 steel sheets was carried out on spot welding machine. Fracture toughness of RSW joints of galvanized and ungalvanized DP 450 steel sheets was calculated from tensile-shear tests. New empirical equations were developed using Least Squares Method (LSM) between energy release rate, fracture toughness and critical crack size depending on the relationship between hardness and fracture toughness values. Results indicated that fracture toughness of joints welded by using RSW increased exponentially while the hardness decreased. In addition, fracture toughness and energy release rate of RSW galvanized DP 450 steel sheets were lower compared to RSW ungalvanized DP 450 steel sheets which had approximately the same hardness. RESUMEN:Estudio experimental sobre la resistencia a la fractura de los aceros de resistencia soldada por puntos DP 450, láminas de acero galvanizado y sin galvanizar utilizados en la estructura del automóvil. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la tenacidad de fractura de los aceros dual (DP) soldados por puntos de resistencia (RSW). En la máquina de soldadura por puntos se realizó la soldadura de láminas de acero DP 450 galvanizado y sin galvanizar. A partir de los ensayos de tracción-cizallamiento, se calculó la tenacidad a la fractura de las uniones del acero DP 450 galvanizado y sin galvanizar. Aplicando el método de mínimos cuadrados (LSM) se desarrollaron nuevas ecuaciones empíricas entre el porcentaje de energía liberada, la tenacidad de fractura y el tamaño de grieta crítica en función de la relación entre los valores de tenacidad de fractura y de dureza. Los resultados indicaron que la tenacidad de fractura de las uniones soldadas por RSW aumentó exponencialmente, mientras que la dureza disminuyó. Además, el porcentaje de energía liberada de las láminas de acero DP 450 galvanizadas y soldadas fueron menores que en el caso de las láminas sin galvanizar a valores iguales de dureza.PALABRAS CLAVE: Aceros dual (DP); Fatiga; Resistencia soldada por puntos (RSW); Tenacidad a la fractura

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An effect of heat input, weld atmosphere and weld cooling conditions on the resistance spot weldability of 316L austenitic stainless steel

Cited by 80 publications

References 5 publications

Densification Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting by Variation in Laser Energy Density

Densification Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting by Variation in Laser Energy Density

Adhesive weld bonding of interstitial free steel at spot welding for automotive application

An experimental study on fracture toughness of resistance spot welded galvanized and ungalvanized DP 450 steel sheets used in automotive body

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