An ecological macroeconomics model: The energy transition in the EU

Nieto, Jaime Tatay; Carpintero, Óscar; Lobejón, Luis Fernando; Miguel, Luis

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111726

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In addition to many analyses at the international [9][10][11][12] and European level [13][14][15], the socioeconomic effects of climate policy have been considered for Germany. While negative macroeconomic effects of the energy transition have been reported on various occasions [16][17][18], a more positive picture has emerged over the past 10 years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Effects of Ambitious Climate Mitigation Policies in Germany

2021

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The EU Commission has introduced the instrument of National Energy and Climate Plans (NECP) to better achieve energy and climate policy targets. In Germany, a comprehensive study was commissioned for this purpose. Its methods and main results are presented here. It starts with a set of energy system models that maps the necessary changes in the energy system, together with corresponding measures bottom-up. The results then enter the PANTA RHEI macroeconometric top-down model as scenario inputs to determine the socioeconomic effects. According to the bottom-up models, achieving the target of 55% GHG reduction by 2030 will not be easy. The macroeconomic effects are mostly positive. Driven by additional investment, GDP and the number of jobs will be higher than in the baseline. The construction and service sectors can benefit from energy and climate policy measures. The share of final consumer expenditures on energy in GDP declines by 2030 compared to today. However, the direction and magnitude of the effects are not undisputed in the literature. The results show that ambitious climate policies are possible in Germany, which can also improve the achievement of economic and social goals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Effects of Ambitious Climate Mitigation Policies in Germany

2021

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“…"Energy Roadmap 2050" is committed to reach European Union's targets of 80-95% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions relative to 1990 levels by 2050. Meeting those objectives requires decoupling economic growth from fossil fuel-based technologies by lowering the energy consumption and fostering the transition to renewables [2,3]. Thermal energy storage (TES) has proven great potential in energy-saving and the reduction of environmental pollution [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Thermophysical Profile of Cetyl Alcohol-in-Water Nanoemulsions for Thermal Management

Cabaleiro

Losada‐Barreiro

Agresti

et al. 2021

Fluids

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This study focuses on the preparation, thermophysical and rheological characterization of phase change material nanoemulsions as latent functionally thermal fluids. Aqueous dispersions with fine droplets of cetyl alcohol (with a melting temperature at ~321 K) were prepared by means of a solvent-assisted method, combining ultrasonication with non-ionic and anionic emulsifiers. Eicosyl alcohol (melting at ~337 K) and hydrophobic silica nanoparticles were tested as nucleating agents. Droplet size studies through time and after freeze–thaw cycles confirmed the good stability of formulated nanoemulsions. Phase change analyses proved the effectiveness of eicosyl alcohol to reduce subcooling to a few Kelvin. Although phase change material emulsions exhibited thermal conductivities much larger than bulk cetyl alcohol (at least 60% higher when droplets are solid), reductions in this property reached 15% when compared to water. Samples mainly showed desirable Newtonian behavior (or slight shear thinning viscosities) and modifications in density around melting transition were lower than 1.2%. In the case of phase change material nanoemulsions with 8 wt.% content of dispersed phase, enhancements in the energy storage capacity overcome 20% (considering an operational temperature interval of 10 K around solid–liquid phase change). Formulated dispersions also showed good thermal reliability throughout 200 solidification–melting cycles.

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“…Moreover, MEDEAS can provide more comprehensive simulations by allowing disequilibrium dynamics in the economy by not assuming clearing markets (i.e., not imposing general equilibrium) [35], by including the evaluation of the effects of climate change on the economy [36] and the effects of (economic) development on depletion of natural resources [37], all in the context of simulations for the transition to a decarbonized energy system. Although other general equilibrium models like TIMES-Austria and LEAP-Bulgaria do not account for these dynamics, these models still provide invaluable information for infrastructure, investment, and capacity requirements for the transition, especially when specified at the national level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-Validation of the MEDEAS Energy-Economy-Environment Model with the Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) and the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP)

et al. 2021

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In the present study, we compare energy transition scenarios from a new set of integrated assessment models, the suite of MEDEAS models, based on a systems dynamic modeling approach, with scenarios from two already well know structurally and conceptually different integrated assessment models, the Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) and the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning system (LEAP). The investigation was carried out to cross-compare and benchmark the response of MEDEAS models with TIMES and LEAP in depicting the energy transition in two different countries, Austria and Bulgaria. The preliminary results show a good agreement across all the models in representing scenarios projecting historical trends, while a major discrepancy is detectable when the rate of implementation of renewable energy is forced to increase to achieve energy system decarbonization. The discrepancy is mainly traceable to the differences in the models’ conception and structures rather than in a real mismatch in representing the same scenarios. The present study is put forward as a guideline for validating new modeling approaches that link energy policy decision tools to the global biophysical and socioeconomic constraints.

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An ecological macroeconomics model: The energy transition in the EU

Cited by 42 publications

References 46 publications

Socioeconomic Effects of Ambitious Climate Mitigation Policies in Germany

Socioeconomic Effects of Ambitious Climate Mitigation Policies in Germany

Development and Thermophysical Profile of Cetyl Alcohol-in-Water Nanoemulsions for Thermal Management

Cross-Validation of the MEDEAS Energy-Economy-Environment Model with the Integrated MARKAL-EFOM System (TIMES) and the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP)

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