An Earth gravity field model complete to degree and order 150 from GRACE: EIGEN-GRACE02S

Constraints from orbital motions around the Earth of the environmental fifth-force hypothesis for the OPERA superluminal neutrino phenomenology

“…However, such a figure should be considered just as a preliminary result coming from the statistical errors of the linear fitting of the post-fit numerically integrated residuals of the perigee since, as pointed out by Lucchesi and Peron themselves [72], it does not include an analysis of the systematic errors due to the uncertainties in the zonals' geopotential. Lucchesi and Peron [72] used the GRACE-only model EIGEN-GRACE02S [73], which released a calibrated σ C 2,0 = 5.304 × 10 −11 . Moreover, Lucchesi and Peron [72] did not explicitly include a Yukawa-like fifth force in the dynamical models fitted to the data of LAGEOS II, by assuming that it would entirely be accounted for by their numerically integrated residuals of the perigee.…”

Towards a One Percent Measurement of Frame Dragging by Spin with Satellite Laser Ranging to LAGEOS, LAGEOS 2 and LARES and GRACE Gravity Models

“…The accurate measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect, obtained in 2004 and described in this paper, has been obtained using the laser-ranging data of the satellites LAGEOS and LAGEOS 2 and the Earth gravity field models EIGEN-GRACE02S (Reigber et al 2005), EIGEN-GRACE03S and JEM03G. An independent GRACE group of the Center for Space Research (CSR) of the University of Texas at Austin has extended these measurements using GGM02S, EIGEN-CG03C, GIF22a, JEM04G, EIGEN-GL04C, JEM01-RL03B, GGM03S, ITG-GRACE03S, EIGEN-GL05C.…”

“…In modeling the thermal effects, the orientation of the satellite spin axis was obtained from Andrès et al (2004). We have applied aJ 4 = −1.41 · 10 −11 correction (Reigber et al 2005;Ciufolini and Pavlis 2005). Lunar, solar, and planetary perturbations were also included in the equations of motion, formulated according to Einstein's general theory of relativity with the exception of the Lense-Thirring effect, which was purposely set to zero.…”

“…For example, a relative uncertainty δJ 2n J 2 of the quadrupole coefficient, J 2 , of the order of Reigber et al (2005): δJ 2n J 2 ∼ 10 −7 , corresponds, from (2) to an uncertainty in the nodal precession of about 45 milliarcsec/year, i.e., to a systematic error in the measurement of the Lense-Thirring effect (that has a predicted size of 31 milliarcsec) of about 150%. In addition, we need to include the uncertainty due to the higher J 2n coefficients.…”

“…The GRACE satellites have provided dramatic improvements in the knowledge of the Earth's gravitational field. Indeed, by using the two LAGEOS satellites and GRACE Earth gravity models (Reigber et al 2005), the orbital uncertainties due to the modelling errors in the non-spherical Earth gravitational field are only a few percent of the LenseThirring effect ), see Sects. 3, 4 and 6.…”