An Ayurvedic Anti‐Diabetic Formulation Made fromCurcuma longaL. andEmblica officinalisL. Inhibits α‐Amylase, α‐Glucosidase, and Starch Digestion, In Vitro

Abstract

Targeting digestive enzymes and controlling postprandial glycemia is an important approach in diabetes management. Dietary supplements that inhibit digestive enzymes are a promising strategy for managing hyperglycemia in diabetic and borderline patients, particularly those who consume high carbohydrate diets. The Indian traditional Ayurvedic system of medicine has lot to offer in this direction. The emerging trend of opting for complementary and alternative medicines for the management of life style diseases, like diabetes, is encouraging but has limited global acceptance due to inadequate information on their therapeutic efficacy and mode of action. The present work demonstrates Nisha‐Amalaki (CE), an Ayurvedic anti‐diabetic formulation prepared from Curcuma longa and Emblica officinalis, as a potential of digestive enzyme inhibitor using in vitro models. The benefit of using honey as an adjuvant for CE is also studied. A simulated in vitro digestion model adopted in the work facilitates the study of the formulation in total than its individual components. While CE inhibits α‐amylase (65%), α‐glucosidase (93%) and reduces starch digestion (≈60%), addition of honey (CEH) is found to improve α‐amylase inhibition to 107% with a higher inhibition of starch digestion. Bioassay guided fractionation of CE and CEH shows multiple fractions, a curcuminoid rich chloroform fraction and an aqueous fraction, possibly contributing to the observed pharmacological effects. In conclusion, the study reports the herbal formulation, Nisha‐Amalaki, as an inhibitor of starch digestion as well as a potential nutraceutical dietary supplement in the management of hyperglycemia.

Investigation of antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and cytotoxicity potential of silver nanoparticles synthesized using the outer peel extract of Ananas comosus (L.)

“…The AC-AgNP samples were dissolved in methanol by keeping them in a sonicated water bath for 10–15 mins to attain a final concentration of 10 mg/mL, and the samples were diluted with 0.02 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) and used in the assay. Assays for α-glucosidase inhibition were performed by following the protocol standardized in the lab [33]. A total of 10 μg/mL of the samples was aliquoted into 96-well plates and was serially diluted with 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.9) (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, Missouri, USA), and the volume was maintained at 50 μL.…”

<p>Comparative Assessment of Antioxidant, Anti-Diabetic and Cytotoxic Effects of Three Peel/Shell Food Waste Extract-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles</p>

“…The viability of cells (dead cell %) and morphology exposed to above three synthesized (PAP-AgNPs, BVP-AgNPs, and AHS-AgNPs) were estimated through the trypan blue exclusion experiment. 31 Before the treatment of HepG2 cancer cells, the OD (optical density) of PAP-AgNPs, BVP-AgNPs, and AHS-AgNPs (suspended in DMEM) was scanned in between (300-700 nm) wavelength range. After 24 h exposition, the supernatant was substituted with a fresh medium (110 µL) consist of 10 µL of EZ-Cytox solution and kept until the melon red color changed to yellowish-orange (incubated around 20 min).…”

“…Then the viability of the cell was witnessed using an inverted microscope (DMI6000B; Leica, Wetzlar, Germany). 31…”

“…50 This cytotoxicity potential of the three generated AgNPs is parallel or better than the earlier reports. 10,13,31,51 Antidiabetic Effect of the PAP-AgNPs, BVP-AgNPs, and AHS-AgNPs…”

<p>Comparative study on antidiabetic, cytotoxicity, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles using outer peels of two varieties of <em>Ipomoea batatas</em> (L.) Lam</p>

“…The α-glucosidase inhibition assay was accomplished by the standard procedure. 23 In total, 10 µg/mL of the test samples were aliquoted into 96-well plates and diluted with 0.02 M sodium phosphate buffer (pH 6.9), successively. To the final volume (50 µL), 50 µL of α- glucosidase (0.5 U/mL) was added.…”