An atrioventricular node model incorporating autonomic tone

Plappert, Felix; Wallman, Mikael; Abdollahpur, Mostafa; Platonov, Pyotr G.; Östenson, Sten; Sandberg, Frida

doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.976468

Cited by 8 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The presented AV node model was initially proposed in [8] with minor modifications in [9], and was extended to account for the effect of changes in the autonomic tone in [10]. The AV node is modelled by a network of 21 nodes (cf.…”

Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The AA series and RR series characteristic trends of the individual patients were averaged to obtain population-averaged trends of the AA series characteristics µ(t) and σ(t) as well as the clinical populationaveraged trends of the RR series characteristics RR C (t), RR C V (t) and RR C I (t). A detailed description of the computation of the AA series and RR series characteristic trends can be found in [10].…”

Section: Tilt Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A set of 240 AV node model parameter vectors were used for the simulations with 10 parameter vectors per patient, selected based on their ability to replicate the RR series characteristics during supine. The selection process and the parameter sets are described in detail in [10]. To reduce the variability of results due to stochasticity, ten realizations were simulated for each of the 240 model parameter sets with a new realization of the AA series for each simulation.…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The γ and κ were fixed as they could not be estimated from the f-waves of the ECG. Simulations were performed for the original model [9] and extended model [10] using Eqs. ( 1…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, we are presenting an extension to a network model of the AV node, based on [8,9], that is modelling ANS-induced changes by scaling the refractory period and conduction delay. The complete study describing the AV node model extension is presented in [10]. The ANS-induced changes in heart rate and RR series variability and irregularity in patients with AF were evaluated using data from a head-up and headdown tilt test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tilt-Induced Changes in RR Series Characteristics: An AV Node Simulation Study

Plappert¹,

wallman²,

Platonov³

et al. 2022

Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)

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In the ECG recordings during tilt test, changes in RR series characteristics can be observed. The purpose of the present study is to investigate to what extent these changes can be explained by changes in the atrial input and in the atrioventricular (AV) nodal characteristics induced by the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Average RR series characteristics (mean, rmssd and sample entropy) and average atrial fibrillatory rate (AFR) were obtained from 24 patients during supine, head-down tilt (HDT), and head-up tilt (HUT). Simulations were performed using an AV node model consisting of a network of interacting node; each node with a refractory period (R) and conduction delay (D) dependent on the stimulation history. In an extension to the AV node model, R and D were scaled to account for ANS induced changes and simulations were performed with the original and extended model, respectively. The atrial impulse series entering the AV node was modelled as a point process with time-varying mean and std determined by the AFR. The clinical RR mean, RR rmssd and RR sample entropy decreased from supine to HDT and decreased further from HDT to HUT. Simulation results indicate that the model must account for ANS-induced changes to replicate the observed response in RR series characteristics, while alterations in the atrial input alone are insufficient to replicate the response.

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Section: Model Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tilt Test Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The γ and κ were fixed as they could not be estimated from the f-waves of the ECG. Simulations were performed for the original model [9] and extended model [10] using Eqs. ( 1…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Tilt-Induced Changes in RR Series Characteristics: An AV Node Simulation Study

Plappert¹,

wallman²,

Platonov³

et al. 2022

Computing in Cardiology Conference (CinC)

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A compact multifunctional model of the rabbit atrioventricular node with dual pathways

Ryzhii¹,

Ryzhii²

2023

Preprint

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The atrioventricular node (AVN) is considered a "black box", and the functioning of its dual pathways remains controversial and not fully understood. In contrast to numerous clinical studies, there are only a few mathematical models of the node. In this paper, we present a compact, computationally lightweight multifunctional rabbit AVN model based on the Aliev-Panfilov two-variable cardiac cell model. The AVN model includes fast (FP) and slow (SP) pathways, primary pacemaking in the sinoatrial node, subsidiary pacemaking in the SP, and takes into account the asymmetry of coupling between model cells. At the same time, the model is accompanied by a visualization of electrical conduction in the AVN, revealing the interaction between SP and FP in the form of ladder diagrams. The AVN model demonstrates broad functionality, including normal sinus rhythm, AVN automaticity, filtering of high-rate atrial rhythms during atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter with Wenckebach periodicity, direction-dependent properties, and realistic anterograde and retrograde conduction curves in the control case and the cases of FP and SP ablation. To show the validity of the proposed model, we compare the simulation results with the available experimental data. Despite its simplicity, the proposed model can be used both as a stand-alone module and as a part of complex three-dimensional atrial or whole heart simulation systems and can help to understand some puzzling functions of AVN.

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Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia onset, sustainability, and spontaneous termination in rabbit atrioventricular node model with autonomic nervous system control

Ryzhii,

Ryzhii

2024

Preprint

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Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) is one of the most common types of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity is known to affect sudden episodes of abnormal AVNRT rhythm, but the detailed underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this work, we update our recent compact multifunctional model of the rabbit atrioventricular node (AV) with ANS control to simulate AVNRT. The refractoriness of model cells is modulated by one ANS coefficient, causing a change in the effective refractory periods, conduction delays, and intrinsic frequency of pacemaker cells. Differences in the effective refractory periods of the slow and fast pathways of the AV node during anterograde and retrograde conduction determine the form of AVNRT. Using the model, we examine the onset, sustainability, and spontaneous termination of typical and atypical forms of AVNRT under ANS modulation. For the first time, the possibility of identifying hidden processes occurring inside the AV node using a computer model is shown, allowing us to come closer to understanding the role of ANS control during AVNRT. The results obtained are consistent with clinical and experimental data and represent a new step toward understanding the electrophysiological mechanisms of this type of arrhythmia.

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An atrioventricular node model incorporating autonomic tone

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Tilt-Induced Changes in RR Series Characteristics: An AV Node Simulation Study

Tilt-Induced Changes in RR Series Characteristics: An AV Node Simulation Study

A compact multifunctional model of the rabbit atrioventricular node with dual pathways

Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia onset, sustainability, and spontaneous termination in rabbit atrioventricular node model with autonomic nervous system control

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