An atlas of the brain of the horseshoe crab <i>Limulus polyphemus</i>

Chamberlain, Steven C.; Wyse, Gordon A.

doi:10.1002/jmor.1051870308

Cited by 36 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…Among the chelicerate taxa, the neuronal architecture of the MBs has probably been most thoroughly investigated in the xiphosuran Limulus polyphemus (Hanström 1926;Fahrenbach 1977Fahrenbach , 1979Fahrenbach and Chamberlain 1985;Chamberlain and Wyse 1986). Dwarfing the MBs of other arthropod and non-arthropod species alike, the MBs in adult horseshoe crabs are composed of an estimated 100 Mio globuli (= Kenyon) cells (Fahrenbach 1979) and account for approximately 80% of the total brain volume (Hanström 1926).…”

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confidence: 99%

The mushroom bodies – prominent brain centres of arthropods and annelids with enigmatic evolutionary origin

Loesel

Heuer

2009

Acta Zoologica

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Loesel, R. and Heuer, C.M. 2010. The mushroom bodies -prominent brain centres of arthropods and annelids with enigmatic evolutionary origin. -Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 91: 29-34Mushroom bodies (MBs) are the most prominent and conspicuous neuropils in the brain of arthropods, onychophorans and vagile polychaete annelids but have not been described in any other animal group with complex brain architecture. Due to a number of unique neuroanatomical characters MBs can easily be identified and distinguished from other brain centres. However, their evolutionary origin and the question whether MBs are homologous structures is still under debate. This paper will briefly summarize the available morphological data and their implications with respect to the molecular evidence on early metazoan radiation. Unraveling the origin of MBs is an example of the challenges neurophylogenists will face in the future, especially so since it will signify a major step towards reconstructing early metazoan brain evolution.

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The mushroom bodies – prominent brain centres of arthropods and annelids with enigmatic evolutionary origin

Loesel

Heuer

2009

Acta Zoologica

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“…FMRFamide-like, substance P-like, and serotonin-like immunoreactivities have been detected in somata of particular groups within the LirnuLus brain (Chamberlain and Engbretson, 1982;chamberlain et al, 1986;Lewandowski et al, 1989). We observed CCAl-like immunoreactivity in a limited population of neurons of the brain, suggesting a partial overlap in the distributions of somata displaying CCAP-likc, FMRFamide-like, substance P-like, and serotonin-like immunoreactivites there.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…We used the nomenclature given by Chamberlain and Wyse (1986) or of Fahrenbach and Chamberlain (1987) for describing immunoreactivities for particular regions of the Lirriulus CXS. Estimates of the size of immunoreactive neurons were calculated from micrographs of sections from juvenile horseshoe crabs, while the size of neurons displaying CCAP-ir which were associated with the neurogenic heart was obtained from sections from adults.…”

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confidence: 99%

Characterization of crustacean cardioactive peptide‐like immunoreactivity in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus

Groome

Lehman

1995

J of Comparative Neurology

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The localization of crustacean cardioactive peptide-like immunoreactivity in the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus was investigated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescence microscopy. Immunoreactivity was quantified in the opisthosomal nervous system (67.7 +/- 11.4 ng/g), cardiac ganglion (45.0 +/- 10.3 ng/g), prosomal nervous system (28.5 +/- 6.6 ng/g), and midgut (24.6 +/- 6.7 ng/g). In the brain, immunoreactive somata were observed in ganglion cells of the central body, in the medullary group and within the ventral medial group. Clusters of immunoreactive cells were found in each of the circumesophageal, pedal ganglia, and in the opisthosomal, abdominal ganglia. In the periphery, immunoreactive varicose fibers were observed in branches of the intestinal nerves, and near longitudinal and circular muscle fibers of the midgut. Immunoreactivity was observed in the cardiac ganglion and myocardium of the neurogenic heart. Synthetic crustacean cardioactive peptide had slight excitatory effects on the cardiac rhythm at doses up to 10(-6) M. This peptide had excitatory effects on the midgut at nanomolar doses. Ventral nerve cord extracts were partially purified with reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. Two regions of immunoreactivity were detected, one of which coeluted with the authentic peptide. The distribution of crustacean cardioactive peptide immunoreactivity is compared with other transmitter systems in the Limulus nervous system, and myotropic actions of this peptide are discussed with respect to peptidergic modulation of intestinal motility.

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“…as a source of fertilizer, a livestock feed supplement, whelk, and eel bait, food source for migrating shorebirds, a research animal model, an inhabitant of touch pools in public aquaria and coastal educational centers, and a laboratory animal in elementary school educational programs to teach conservation and environmental issues. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] However, the horseshoe crab is probably best known for its copper-based ''blue blood'' which contains a compound important to the human pharmaceutical industry. 14 This substance, called limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) and extracted from the cellular component (i.e., amebocytes) in the horseshoe crab's hemolymph, is capable of detecting extremely minute quantities of pyrogenic endotoxin produced by Gram-negative bacteria and is used to test for endotoxin on medical devices, implants, and vaccines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Numerous authors have described the external and internal anatomy of the horseshoe crab. 1,7,16,17 L. polyphemus is a dorsoventrally flattened invertebrate. The body is divided into three separate sections: a frontal prosoma (cephalothorax) with an anterior flange; a hindbody opisthosoma (abdomen), and a posterior telson (tail).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CARDIOVASCULAR AND GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOGRAPHIC CONTRAST STUDIES IN THE HORSESHOE CRAB (LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS)

Spotswood¹,

Smith²

2006

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Survey and contrast radiographic studies of the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems of the American horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) were undertaken using conventional and flouroscopic techniques. Normal gastrointestinal and cardiovascular structures were difficult to resolve on survey radiographs, but were well visualized with gastrointestinal follow through studies and angiography, respectively. All three contrast agents (iohexol, Gastrografin, and barium sulfate) used for the gastrointestinal studies varied minimally in their radiographic quality and transit times, and all appeared to be safe for use in the horseshoe crab.

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An atlas of the brain of the horseshoe crab Limulus polyphemus

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

The mushroom bodies – prominent brain centres of arthropods and annelids with enigmatic evolutionary origin

The mushroom bodies – prominent brain centres of arthropods and annelids with enigmatic evolutionary origin

Characterization of crustacean cardioactive peptide‐like immunoreactivity in the horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus

CARDIOVASCULAR AND GASTROINTESTINAL RADIOGRAPHIC CONTRAST STUDIES IN THE HORSESHOE CRAB (LIMULUS POLYPHEMUS)

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