An asymmetrical dual coating on the stent prepared by ultrasonic atomization

Abstract

This study aims to design an asymmetric dual coating (ADC) on the stent by ultrasonic atomization to solve the problem of delayed endothelialization and late or very late stent thrombosis which caused by drug eluting stent (DES) with symmetric coating. Chitosan loaded monoclonal platelet glycoprotein IIIa receptor antibody SZ-21 coating (CSC) was sprayed on inner surface of stents, and outer surface was sprayed CSC and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) loaded with docetaxel (DTX) coating (PDC). The coated surface was uniform without aggregation and no shedding phenomenon either before or after stent expanded. Fluorescence labeling has confirmed that the coating has an asymmetric structure. The cumulative release for SZ-21 and DTX was 40.11 % and 27.22 % within first 24 h, then DTX became the major released drug from 24 h to 7 d, after released for 28 d about 40% of the SZ-21 and 50% DTX still remained on the coated stent. It achieved that ADC can inhibit thrombosis at earlier period and inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation at later period. And that ADC has good hemocompatibility and can significantly inhibit VSMCs proliferation. Finally, 4 and 12 weeks after the stent with ADC implanted into rabbit carotid arteries, it showed that the stent with ADC was safe and could effectively prevent thrombosis and in-stent restenosis.

Inhibition of in-stent restenosis after graphene oxide double-layer drug coating with good biocompatibility

“…The aqueous soluble GO-copper nanocomposites coating enhances the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stem cells [36], heparin-loaded GO coating on titanium surface improved the blood compatibility and endothelial cell behaviors [37]. In this research, we prepared the coating using ultrasonic atomization spraying which has been proved to get high quality coatings from our previous studies [15, 16, 38] and the designed double-layer coating greatly increased the biocompatibility of GO and implemented the multifunction of the coating with loaded multiple drugs.…”

“…The stent-spraying system and coating steps was shown in Fig. 1 [15, 16]. The bare metal stents were immersed in the 2 mg/ml DA solution (pH 8.5 Tris Buffer) for 12 h. DTX was dissolved in GO solution (2 mg/ml).…”

“…The coating processing and the CS-III pro-ultrasonic spray system [15]. DAC, dopamine coating; GDC, DAC+GO/DTX; GCC, GDC+CMC/Hep…”

“…The other half arteries with stents were sliced, then stained by H&E used for stenosis analysis after the stents were completely electrolyzed [15, 21].…”

Docetaxel as a Model Compound to Promote HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Biogenesis and Reduce Atherosclerosis

“…Docetaxel-coated stents showed antiproliferative effect on vascular SMCs and inhibited intimal hyperplasia and neointima formation in animal studies. 43,44 Docetaxel administered directly to injured vessel sites using a local drug delivery catheter was effective in inhibiting the proliferation of intimal SMCs and neointimal hyperplasia in animal studies. 45,46 Although many issues associated with arterial angioplasty procedures may limit the clinical application of these methods, these studies have shown that docetaxel can prevent atherogenic SMC proliferation in the arterial intima.…”