An Assessment of International Nuclear Nonproliferation Efforts After 60 Years

Fahmy, Nabil

doi:10.1080/10736700600861426

Cited by 4 publications

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“…24 As a consequence of 2005, many a NNWS in the non-aligned world is reconsidering the costs and benefits it derives from the NPT. 25 Thus, it was not the infinite extension to the NPT as such, but the refusal of the NWSs to implement the specified disarmament duties emerging under Article VI that led to disunity among the treaty community. William Walker has labelled the NPT a 'Kantian project': parties have entrusted their security interests, rather than embarking on an unfettered pursuit of power, to a joint legal instrument.…”

Section: Objections From a Realist Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Between Power and Justice: Current Problems and Perspectives of the NPT Regime

Müller¹

2010

Strategic Analysis

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The nuclear non-proliferation regime, despite being frequently criticised for an alleged lack of effectiveness, is in fact an amazing success story. The number of states which had conducted nuclear weapons activities in various stages but which have terminated them at one point surpasses the number of Nuclear-Weapon States (NWSs) by far. At the apex of its success, however, the regime is threatened by erosion from three different directions. A small number of rule-breakers and outsiders undermine its central objective: to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The refusal of the official NWSs to fulfil their undertaking of nuclear disarmament violates the principle of justice enshrined in the treaty and thereby destroys its legitimacy, as does the perceived readiness by nuclear suppliers to impede the development of nuclear technology in developing countries. The Gordian Knot can presumably only be cut by a u-turn towards a world without nuclear weapons. This insight has meanwhile reached the mainstream security establishment of the United States, the president included. Whether this road will really be taken will determine the future of the regime-with far-reaching consequences for global security. The success of the Non-Proliferation Treaty: beyond all expectations he nuclear non-proliferation regime, with the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) at its core, can be called one of the most amazing international institutions. President Kennedy's famous nightmare in the 1960s, that within a decade 20 or even 30 Nuclear-Weapon States (NWSs) might emerge, has not come true. Even today, the number of nuclear powers or states with active nuclear weapons programmes stays at 10. Five of them are recognised as legitimate nuclear weapons possessors by the NPT, coinciding with the permanent five members of the UN Security Council (UNSC). Israel, India, Pakistan, and North Korea are credited with nuclear weapon status or have proven it by testing their designs. Iran has been strongly suspected of conducting a determined nuclear weapons programme. In contrast, no fewer than 26 states, which once explored the idea of moving towards nuclear weapons, conducted feasibility studies, targeted weapon research or even development, or produced nuclear weapons (or inherited them after the decay of the Soviet Union), have renounced these activities or have been forced to do so. These countries make up almost the whole phalanx of middle powers. The miracle

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Section: Objections From a Realist Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Between Power and Justice: Current Problems and Perspectives of the NPT Regime

Müller¹

2010

Strategic Analysis

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Zwischen Macht und Gerechtigkeit

Müller

2008

PVS

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Zusammenfassung: Das nukleare Nichtverbreitungsregime weist eine erstaunliche Erfolgsstory auf. Die Zahl der Staaten, die kernwaffenorientierte Aktivitäten in verschiedenen Stadien des Fortschritts aufgegeben haben, ist weitaus größer als die der Kernwaffenstaaten. Auf dem Höhe-punkt seines Erfolgs droht dem Regime jedoch Ungemach aus zwei Richtungen: Eine kleine Anzahl von "Ausbrechern" und "Außenseitern" unterminiert seine zentrale Zielsetzung, die Weiterverbreitung dieser Waffen aufzuhalten. Die Verweigerungshaltung der Kernwaffenstaaten gegenüber ihrer Abrüstungspflicht verstößt gegen den im Regime eingelassenen Gerechtigkeitsgrundsatz und zerstört damit seine Legitimität. Diese Erkenntnis ist mittlerweile aus dem "Ghetto" der unverdrossenen Abrüstungsenthusiasten in den sicherheitspolitischen Mainstream vorgedrungen. Von ihrer Durchsetzungsfähigkeit wird letztlich die Zukunft des Regimes abhängen -mit weitreichenden Konsequenzen für die globale Sicherheit.Schlagwörter: Nukleare Weiterverbreitung · Nukleare Abrüstung · Internationale Gerech tig keit · Kernwaffen · Weltordnung Abstract: The nuclear nonproliferation regime is an amazing success story: The number of countries which have stopped nuclear weapons activities in various stages of progress is much larger than the number of nuclear weapon states. At the apex of its success, however, the regime is threatened by erosion from two different directions: A small number of rule-breakers and outsiders undermines its central objective: to stop the spread of nuclear weapons. The refusal of the official nuclear weapon states to fulfill their undertaking of nuclear disarmament violates the principle of justice enshrined in the treaty, and thereby destroys its legitimacy. This insight has meanwhile expanded beyond the group of stubborn disarmers into the mainstream security establishment. How successful this expansion will be will determine the future of the regime -with far-reaching consequences for global security.

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Not lost in contestation: How norm entrepreneurs frame norm development in the nuclear nonproliferation regime

Müller

Wunderlich

2018

Contemporary Security Policy

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An Assessment of International Nuclear Nonproliferation Efforts After 60 Years

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Between Power and Justice: Current Problems and Perspectives of the NPT Regime

Between Power and Justice: Current Problems and Perspectives of the NPT Regime

Zwischen Macht und Gerechtigkeit

Not lost in contestation: How norm entrepreneurs frame norm development in the nuclear nonproliferation regime

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