An assessment of electrostatic ignition hazards associated with fuel flow through plastic pipes at roadside filling stations

A Study on Electrostatics and Its Hazards

“…However, from experiments conducted in a full-scale high density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe-work system, it has been concluded that use of such means is safe for all practical purposes [27,28]. The tests were conducted by passing highly charging fuels, isooctane-toluene mixture and white spirit, through a full-scale pipeline like those which are used in filling stations.…”

“…However, it has been recommended that for electrofusion couplers, either grounding or use of sealing caps for prevention of electrostatic discharge is necessary. It has finally been concluded that such insulating pipe-work is safe for fuel handling if the relevant standard (EN 14125:2004) is followed [27].…”

“…The test rig to be used may be similar to the one used in [27], the schematic diagram of which is shown below ( fig. 5.1).…”