An assessment of aetiology-based guidelines for the management of nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer

Abstract

An approach using aetiology-based guidelines in the management of N&V is moderately effective, although there are some patients with N&V refractory to standard antiemetic regimens.

Role of Supportive Care for Terminal Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…An approach that is based upon the clinically determined mechanism of emesis has been suggested, although many of the guidelines for terminal stage cancer are not supported by good quality evidence. 69,70 Patients should be advised to take small frequent meals. For patients with opioid-related nausea, opioid rotation is an appropriate choice.…”

Aprepitant plus granisetron and dexamethasone for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with gastric cancer treated with S-1 plus cisplatin

“…Further improvement in the prevention of CINV will require more effective anti-nausea treatments. The control of nausea does not take precedence over the control of vomiting because the physiology of nausea is not well-understood [27] and the difficulty in measuring this subjective symptom; patients confuse nausea with anorexia, fatigue, or pyrosis [3].…”

Symptom Management in Metastatic Breast Cancer

“…Causes of nausea and vomiting include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other medications; infection; anxiety; constipation; bowel obstruction; organ failure; electrolyte disturbances; uremia; impaired gastric emptying; gastric/esophageal irritation; and brain metastases [62,82]. Antiemetics may be administered orally, s.c., i.v., sublingually, or transdermally, and multiple agents may need to be used to achieve symptom control.…”