An approach to connect ultracapacitor to fuel cell powered electric vehicle and emulating fuel cell electrical characteristics using switched mode converter

Drolia, A.; Jose, P.; Mohan, Ned

doi:10.1109/iecon.2003.1280102

Cited by 44 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Many of these papers focus on the low level control of the fuel cell to fulfil at least one of the three main objectives such as maximum efficiency, voltage control and/or starvation prevention. Furthermore, in [21] a novel scheme to control fuel cell terminal voltage is presented. This control scheme prevents any substantial drop in fuel cell terminal voltage during sudden load change or disturbance.…”

Section: Controller Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model based controller design for hydrogen fuel cell systems

Thanapalan¹,

Premier²,

Guwy³

2011

REPQJ

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In this paper, fuel cell system modelling alongside controller development for performance improvements, are investigated. Essentially and in general terms there are two approaches to modelling; black box modelling and detailed dynamic modelling. This work addresses both modelling approaches. These models are then used for hydrogen fuel cell (FC) controller development for improved system performance. A fuzzy-PID hybrid controller has been designed and tested and the results indicate that the fuzzy-PID hybrid control strategy can improve the system's performance significantly.

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Section: Controller Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model based controller design for hydrogen fuel cell systems

Thanapalan¹,

Premier²,

Guwy³

2011

REPQJ

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“…Numerous studies have been carried out examining the dynamics of fuel cells paired with ultra capacitors for automotive applications; however, both fuel cell and end-use load dynamics are quite different in the context of stationary power applications [5,6]. Other studies have focused on the integration of fuel cells into residences for the design of ancillary devices such as inverters and converters, but do not use truly dynamic load data for performance or economic analyses [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of stationary fuel cell dynamic ramping capabilities and ultra capacitor energy storage using high resolution demand data

Meacham

Jabbari

Brouwer

et al. 2006

Journal of Power Sources

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Current high temperature fuel cell (HTFC) systems used for stationary power applications (in the 200-300 kW size range) have very limited dynamic load following capability or are simply base load devices. Considering the economics of existing electric utility rate structures, there is little incentive to increase HTFC ramping capability beyond 1 kWs −1 (0.4% s −1 ). However, in order to ease concerns about grid instabilities from utility companies and increase market adoption, HTFC systems will have to increase their ramping abilities, and will likely have to incorporate electrical energy storage (EES). Because batteries have low power densities and limited lifetimes in highly cyclic applications, ultra capacitors may be the EES medium of choice. The current analyses show that, because ultra capacitors have a very low energy storage density, their integration with HTFC systems may not be feasible unless the fuel cell has a ramp rate approaching 10 kWs −1 (4% s −1 ) when using a worst-case design analysis. This requirement for fast dynamic load response characteristics can be reduced to 1 kWs −1 by utilizing high resolution demand data to properly size ultra capacitor systems and through demand management techniques that reduce load volatility.

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“…Thus, a 4S battery pack is considered, which has a usual operation range from 14.8 to 16.8 V. The entire operating region of the battery pack is higher than the load requirement. Thus, a converter with bidirectional current flow (Drolia et al 2003), a bidirectional converter, is used where the high side is connected to the lithium ion battery. Similar to the buck converter, an extra inductor is used to limit current ripples.…”

Section: Modeling the Stand-alone Pv Power Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-sufficiency of 3-D printers: utilizing stand-alone solar photovoltaic power systems

2018

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A self-replicating rapid prototyper (RepRap) is a type of 3-D printer capable of printing many of its own components in addition to a wide assortment of products from high-value scientific or medical tools to household products and toys. There is some evidence that these printers could provide low-cost distributed manufacturing in underprivileged rural areas. For the most isolated communities without access to the electric grid, a low-cost alternative energy is needed. Solar energy can be harvested through a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) power system specifically designed to match the needs of the RepRap. The voltage and current requirement for the printer demands the use of buck along with a bidirectional DC converters to ensure proper operation. This paper provides the design for a stand-alone PV-lithium ion battery power system with an efficient controller. Robust and agile PI controller schemes are utilized to efficiently maintain the distribution of energy through the power system. The system was defined with ordinary differential equations, simulated and tested for two operational conditions in MATLAB/Simulink. The results showed that the controller developed operates the system in a stable condition and the simulation shows steady acceptable behavior that makes this system highly suitable for hardware implementation.

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An approach to connect ultracapacitor to fuel cell powered electric vehicle and emulating fuel cell electrical characteristics using switched mode converter

Cited by 44 publications

References 7 publications

Model based controller design for hydrogen fuel cell systems

Model based controller design for hydrogen fuel cell systems

Analysis of stationary fuel cell dynamic ramping capabilities and ultra capacitor energy storage using high resolution demand data

Self-sufficiency of 3-D printers: utilizing stand-alone solar photovoltaic power systems

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