An Approach to Chemical Reaction Engineering and Process Intensification for the Lean Aqueous Hydroformylation Using a Jet Loop Reactor

Esteban, Jesús; Warmeling, H.; Vorholt, Andreas J.

doi:10.1002/cite.201800137

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Jet loop reactors have been used for model reactions such as hydrogenation, chlorination, phosgenation, hydroformylation, 124,125 as well as for processes of CO 2 absorption, 126 anaerobic codigestion of olive mill wastewater and liquid poultry manure, 127 treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater, 128 imidacloprid preparation, 129 and microbial fermentation. Another Critical Look at Three-Phase Catalysis Ni e120…”

Section: Bubble Columnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Critical Look at Three-Phase Catalysis

2020

Pharmaceutical Fronts

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Three-phase catalysis, for example, hydrogenation, is a special branch of chemical reactions involving a hydrogen reactant (gas) and a solvent (liquid) in the presence of a metal porous catalyst (solid) to produce a liquid product. Currently, many reactors are being used for three-phase catalysis from packed bed to slurry vessel; the uniqueness for this type of reaction in countless processes is the requirement of transferring gas into liquid, as yet there is not a unified system of quantifying and comparing reactor performances. This article reviews current methodologies in carrying out such heterogeneous catalysis in different reactors and focuses on how to enhance reactor performance from gas transfer perspectives. This article also suggests that the mass transfer rate over energy dissipation may represent a fairer method for comparison of reactor performance accounting for different types/designs of reactors and catalyst structures as well as operating conditions.

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Section: Bubble Columnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Another Critical Look at Three-Phase Catalysis

2020

Pharmaceutical Fronts

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“…A promising strategy to improve the rates of a reaction without modification of the chemical properties of the system is to intensify the degree of mixing by means of the reactor design . Herein, the phase contacting is intensified using, for example, multiple stirrers, , various stirrer geometries in a stirred tank reactor, static mixer reactors, or ejector loop reactors. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 Herein, the phase contacting is intensified using, for example, multiple stirrers, 10,41 various stirrer geometries in a stirred tank reactor, 42 static mixer reactors, 43 or ejector loop reactors. 44,45 The aqueous biphasic hydroformylation of long-chain olefins has been discussed to take place either in the catalyst bulk phase or at the liquid−liquid (LL) interface, with the latter being favored in the literature on the basis of estimations of the Hatta number, a comparison of the reaction rates of olefins with different carbon chain lengths, an observed first-order dependence on the olefin concentration in the organic phase, and a proposed linear dependence of the rate of reaction on the LL interfacial area. 39,42,44,46 Recently, our group showed that, in a mixture of α-olefins of varying carbon chain lengths, the individual rates of conversion do not correlate with the individual water solubilities but with their respective mole fraction in the organic phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Area on Biphasic Catalysis Exemplified by Hydroformylation

et al. 2022

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Biphasic catalysis enables the effective recycling of homogeneous catalysts by their immobilization in an additional liquid phase immiscible with the products. The introduced liquid− liquid interfacial area implies mass transfer limitations that play an important role in understanding these catalytic systems, with many rate enhancement strategies revolving around optimizing said area. In this contribution, the relationship between liquid−liquid interfacial area and catalytic activity is elucidated by applying a methodology that utilizes an image-based in situ measurement of the transient droplet size distribution. When the industrially highly relevant aqueous biphasic hydroformylation of the long-chain olefin 1-octene is taken as the model reaction, it is found that the product nonanal and the addition of the ligand increases the interfacial area by a factor of up to 5. The rate of conversion is found to depend on the stirring speed. By variation of the catalyst concentration, it is shown that an accumulation of the catalyst species at the interface is unlikely. Using a mathematical model, it is highlighted that the effect of the aqueous−organic interfacial area on the catalytic activity is not linear as was previously assumed in the literature. Instead, a change in the interfacial composition is proposed that causes a shift in the dependence of catalytic activity on said area. Thus, the dynamic physical properties of a lean gas−liquid−liquid system were linked to the catalytic performance of the system.

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“…Thus, multiple investigations on reactor configurations have arisen to intensify the mixing. Various reviews cover intensified reactors such as fluidic oscillators based on the Coanda effect, 1 oscillatory baffled reactors, 2 devices to cause hydrodynamic cavitation 3 or a range of pulsating flows by ultrasound or mechanical vibration, 4 static mixer reactors, 5 microreactors, 5‐7 and ejector loop reactors 5,8 . Reactors based on the Taylor‐Couette flow (Taylor‐Couette reactors, TCRs) however are considered more scarcely, with the available reviews focusing more on the flow itself rather than the apparatus and its technical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taylor‐Couette reactor: Principles, design, and applications

et al. 2021

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The Taylor-Couette reactor (TCR) is an apparatus that capitalizes on the Taylor-Couette flow, which allows many flow regimes and conditions to perform (bio-)chemical conversions with precise control of various reactor characteristics. With the possibility to continuously perfuse the reactor with a reaction medium, the TCR becomes interesting for chemical engineering applications. In this review we introduce this reactor type and provide an overview of its history, principles of the flow regimes, and a description and design aspects of the reactors and their elements. Available information in the literature is summarized and harmonized to present available formulas and correlations in a consistent set of variables. Additionally, a wide number of applications in process technology is covered, including reactions in homogeneous, photo and enzymatic catalysis, polymer synthesis, and crystallization and aggregation-flocculation processes. Focusing on this reactor configuration, this article intends to be used as a hub for scientific groups interested in TCRs. This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

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An Approach to Chemical Reaction Engineering and Process Intensification for the Lean Aqueous Hydroformylation Using a Jet Loop Reactor

Cited by 8 publications

References 37 publications

Another Critical Look at Three-Phase Catalysis

Another Critical Look at Three-Phase Catalysis

Effect of Liquid–Liquid Interfacial Area on Biphasic Catalysis Exemplified by Hydroformylation

Taylor‐Couette reactor: Principles, design, and applications

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