An approach in exploring the fundamental dosimetric characteristics for a long shelf life irradiated acrylamide-based gel

Chiang, Chih-Ming; Hsieh, Bor‐Tsung; Shieh, Jiunn-I; Cheng, Kai Yuan; Hsieh, Ling‐Ling

doi:10.1007/s10967-013-2564-1

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The polymerization process of the NIPAM gel dosimeter required at least 24 to 48 hours to stabilize the reaction. This result matches with the previous experiment [ 15 ]. Moreover, the stable condition maintained at least for 96 hours, indicating that the NIPAM gel dosimeter has a mild diffusion effect after the polymerization is completed.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…This is mainly caused by the edge enhancement characteristic of the NIPAM gel dosimeter. Polymers around the irradiated region diffuse inward and are polymerized [ 15 ]. Another factor may come from the slight mismatch of the spatial resolution between the optical CT image and the TPS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At last, the polymer gels were poured into a cylindrical container with a diameter and height of 10 cm. The NIPAM gel dosimeters were kept at 4°C for 6 hours before irradiation [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Field Measurements of 3D Polymer Gel Dosimeters through Optical Computed Tomography

Shih

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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With advances in therapeutic instruments and techniques, three-dimensional dose delivery has been widely used in radiotherapy. The verification of dose distribution in a small field becomes critical because of the obvious dose gradient within the field. The study investigates the dose distributions of various field sizes by using NIPAM polymer gel dosimeter. The dosimeter consists of 5% gelatin, 5% monomers, 3% cross linkers, and 5 mM THPC. After irradiation, a 24 to 96 hour delay was applied, and the gel dosimeters were read by a cone beam optical computed tomography (optical CT) scanner. The dose distributions measured by the NIPAM gel dosimeter were compared to the outputs of the treatment planning system using gamma evaluation. For the criteria of 3%/3 mm, the pass rates for 5 × 5, 3 × 3, 2 × 2, 1 × 1, and 0.5 × 0.5 cm2 were as high as 91.7%, 90.7%, 88.2%, 74.8%, and 37.3%, respectively. For the criteria of 5%/5 mm, the gamma pass rates of the 5 × 5, 3 × 3, and 2 × 2 cm2 fields were over 99%. The NIPAM gel dosimeter provides high chemical stability. With cone-beam optical CT readouts, the NIPAM polymer gel dosimeter has potential for clinical dose verification of small-field irradiation.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small-Field Measurements of 3D Polymer Gel Dosimeters through Optical Computed Tomography

Shih

et al. 2016

PLoS ONE

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“…Senden et al [ 10 ] proposed a new polymer gel, mainly composed of gelatin, N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM), Bis, and tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride (THPC), with a high radiation sensitivity that allows the reaction of monomers and free radicals in the irradiated region. An increasing number of reports [ 11 – 13 ] show that NIPAM gel dosimeters have potential for use in the verification of radiotherapy dose distributions. Previous work [ 11 , 12 ] has focused on the fundamental characteristics of NIPAM polymer gel dosimeters and the feasibility of an NIPAM/MRI system for clinical 3D dosimetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An increasing number of reports [ 11 – 13 ] show that NIPAM gel dosimeters have potential for use in the verification of radiotherapy dose distributions. Previous work [ 11 , 12 ] has focused on the fundamental characteristics of NIPAM polymer gel dosimeters and the feasibility of an NIPAM/MRI system for clinical 3D dosimetry. Gel dosimeters are generally considered stabilized and readable at 24 h postirradiation [ 11 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Evaluation of NIPAM Polymer Gel Dosimeters on Three Orthogonal Planes and Temporal Stability Analysis

2016

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Polymer gel dosimeters have been proven useful for dose evaluation in radiotherapy treatments. Previous studies have demonstrated that using a polymer gel dosimeter requires a 24 h reaction time to stabilize and further evaluate the measured dose distribution in two-dimensional dosimetry. In this study, the short-term stability within 24 h and feasibility of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) polymer gel dosimeters for use in three-dimensional dosimetry were evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). NIPAM gels were used to measure the dose volume in a clinical case of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). For dose readouts, MR images of irradiated NIPAM gel phantoms were acquired at 2, 5, 12, and 24 h after dose delivery. The mean standard errors of dose conversion from using dose calibration curves (DRC) were calculated. The measured dose volumes at the four time points were compared with those calculated using a treatment planning system (TPS). The mean standard errors of the dose conversion from using the DRCs were lower than 1 Gy. Mean pass rates of 2, 5, 12, and 24 h axial dose maps calculated using gamma evaluation with 3% dose difference and 3 mm distance-to-agreement criteria were 83.5% ± 0.9%, 85.9% ± 0.6%, 98.7% ± 0.3%, and 98.5% ± 0.9%, respectively. Compared with the dose volume histogram of the TPS, the absolute mean relative volume differences of the 2, 5, 12, and 24 h measured dose volumes were lower than 1% for the irradiated region with an absorbed dose higher than 2.8 Gy. It was concluded that a 12 h reaction time was sufficient to acquire accurate dose volume using the NIPAM gels with MR readouts.

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The Effect of N, Nʹ-Methylene-bis-acrylamide Removal from a Polymer Gel Dosimeter Formulation: Spin–Spin Relaxation Rate Investigation and Post-irradiation Time Instability

Habibi

Abtahi

2021

Appl Magn Reson

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An approach in exploring the fundamental dosimetric characteristics for a long shelf life irradiated acrylamide-based gel

Abstract: [[abstract]]DOI 10.1007/s10967-013-2564-

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Small-Field Measurements of 3D Polymer Gel Dosimeters through Optical Computed Tomography

Small-Field Measurements of 3D Polymer Gel Dosimeters through Optical Computed Tomography

A Comprehensive Evaluation of NIPAM Polymer Gel Dosimeters on Three Orthogonal Planes and Temporal Stability Analysis

The Effect of N, Nʹ-Methylene-bis-acrylamide Removal from a Polymer Gel Dosimeter Formulation: Spin–Spin Relaxation Rate Investigation and Post-irradiation Time Instability

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