An Appearance Model for Textile Fibers

Abstract

Figure 1: Volumetric rendering of three fabric samples using our highly-detailed physically-based BCSDFs models. Our model is based on the optical and structural parameters particular of each cloth fiber. From left to right, a 2-ply knitted garter (7 twist/cm, 120 fibers/yarn) of cotton fibers, a single-ply woven satin made of silk (1 twist/cm, 30 fibers/yarn) and a 2-ply knitted garter (4 twist/cm, 160 fibers/yarn) made of polyester fibers. Silk and cotton pieces are colored with reactive dyes, and a disperse dye is used for polyester. AbstractAccurately modeling how light interacts with cloth is challenging, due to the volumetric nature of cloth appearance and its multiscale structure, where microstructures play a major role in the overall appearance at higher scales. Recently, significant effort has been put on developing better microscopic models for cloth structure, which have allowed rendering fabrics with unprecedented fidelity. However, these highly-detailed representations still make severe simplifications on the scattering by individual fibers forming the cloth, ignoring the impact of fibers' shape, and avoiding to establish connections between the fibers' appearance and their optical and fabrication parameters. In this work we put our focus in the scattering of individual cloth fibers; we introduce a physically-based scattering model for fibers based on their low-level optical and geometric properties, relying on the extensive textile literature for accurate data. We demonstrate that scattering from cloth fibers exhibits much more complexity than current fiber models, showing important differences between cloth type, even in averaged conditions due to longer views. Our model can be plugged in any framework for cloth rendering, matches scattering measurements from real yarns, and is based on actual parameters used in the textile industry, allowing predictive bottom-up definition of cloth appearance.

Photodiodes embedded within electronic textiles

“…It was evident that the sheathing fibres and knit-braid structure had a negative effect of the I SC and V OC , due to the reduction of light flux on to the RMP caused by scattering 43 and absorption 44 of light by the fibres (see comparative results in Fig. 6(h,i) ).…”

A combined scattering and diffraction model for elliptical hair rendering

“…[ZW07] formalized the notion of Bidirectional Curve Scattering Distribution Function (BCSDF) for representing the scattering distribution of a fiber in the far field approximation. BCSDF can also be used to describe textile fibers even though they often have more complex shape than hair fibers [ACG*17].…”

A practical ply-based appearance model of woven fabrics

“…Fiber scattering models. The reflectance profile used by our technique is related to various fiber [Aliaga et al 2017;Khungurn et al 2016;Marschner et al 2003;Zinke and Weber 2007] and fur [Yan et al 2017[Yan et al , 2015 2006; Moon et al 2008;Zinke et al 2008]. These models utilize bidirectional curve scattering distribution functions (BCSDFs) to describe how light scatters off individual fibers or fur strands.…”

“…This is very useful for understanding how different aspects of the micro-geometry affect the overall appearance, but makes the models inflexible for dealing with textiles that do not fall within the idealized micro-properties of these models. Aliaga et al [2017] for example, demonstrate a wide range of optical properties for different textile fibers.…”