An Antiviral Agent (46NW-04A) Produced byPseudomonassp. and Its Activity against Fish Viruses

Abstract

Abs/raa.-The antiviral agent 46NW·04A was isolated and characterized from cell-free culture fluid of PseutiomofUJS sp. 46NW.Q4 isolated fro m the aquatic environment. Production of the antiviral substance was muimal at 25"C during days 2-3 of bacterial incubation. Extraction from )0 L of culture fluid by ethyl acetate and purification by thin-layer chromatography on silica gel resulted in 709 mg of the purified antiviral material. Molecular weight of this substance was 1, 126 by secondary ionization mass spectrometry, and chemical propenies suggested that 46NW-04A was a peptide. Its antiviral activity, measured as the concentration causing 100'Ib plaque reduction, was 25 ~g/mL against Oncorhynchus masou virus and infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. However, no antiviral activity was obscrved against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus al Ihe concentrations tested. Pseudomonas sp. 46NW-04 was identified as Pseudomonasfluorescens biGva r I.

Salmonid fish viruses and cell interactions at early steps of the infective cycle

“…The activity of tributylamine, chloroquine and amantadine as antiviral agents has been observed for mammalian viruses at very early stages of infection. For fish viruses, very few studies have focused on chemotherapy (Migus & Dobos 1980; Kimura, Yoshimizu, Ezura & Kamei 1990; Micol, Caturla, Pérez‐Fons, Más, Pérez & Estepa 2005) and little is known about inhibition in the early stages of infection. Our results indicated that IHNV is the most sensitive of the three viruses tested to the action of lysosomotropic compounds which block binding.…”

Antiviral activity of casein and αs2 casein hydrolysates against the infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus, a rhabdovirus from salmonid fish

“…Indeed, the antiviral activity of a peptide purified from Pseudomonas culture supernatants was thought to prevent the adsorption of virus particles on to host cells by changing the viral morphology or coating the virus surface. Reactivity was particularly strong against enveloped viruses (Kimura et al 1990).…”

“…(Kimura et al . ) or cecropin B peptide was reported (Chiou et al . ), while some plant‐derived compounds have also been shown to inhibit the infectivity of viral septicaemia haemorrhagic virus (VHSV) in vitro (Micol et al .…”

“…The antiviral activity of other peptide isolated from Pseudomonas sp. (Kimura et al 1990) or cecropin B peptide was reported (Chiou et al 2002), while some plantderived compounds have also been shown to inhibit the infectivity of viral septicaemia haemorrhagic virus (VHSV) in vitro (Micol et al 2005). Moreover, a peptide-conjugate morpholine oligomere activity against IHNV was also described (Alonso et al 2005).…”

Anti-Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus(IHNV) Substances Produced by Bacteria from Aquatic Environment.

“…Subsequently an antiviral substance produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens 46 NW-04, one of the 126 strains, was purified and identified as a peptide (Kamei et al, 1988c(Kamei et al, , 1992Kimura et al, 1990).…”