An antitumor, branched (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan from a water extract of fruiting bodies of Cryptoporus volvatus

Kitamura, Shinichi; Hori, T.; Kurita, Kaori; Takeo, Ken’ichi; Hara, Chihiro; Itoh, Wataru; Tabata, Kengo; Elgsaeter, Arnljot; Stokke, Bjørn T.

doi:10.1016/0008-6215(94)00156-1

Cited by 84 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Three different morphologies have been reported for renatured glucans including, circular, linear, and aggregates species (31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36). The formation of different morphological species is thought to depend on the characteristics of glucan and the conditions of denaturation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of a Partially Opened Triple-helix Conformation in 1→3-β-Glucan by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Spectroscopy

Young¹,

Dong²,

Jacobs³

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study used fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) spectroscopy as an indirect method to investigate the effect of NaOH treatment on the conformation of a triple-helix (133)-␤-D-glucan and then evaluated the effect of conformation on biological activity. Previous studies have suggested that treatment of the triple-helix glucans with NaOH produces single-helix conformers. FRET spectra of the triple-helix glucan, laminarin, doubly labeled with 1-aminopyrene as donor probe and fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate as acceptor probe attached at the reducing end, showed that a partially opened triplehelix conformer was formed on treatment with NaOH. Increasing degrees of strand opening was associated with increasing concentrations of NaOH. Based on these observations we propose that a partially opened triplehelix rather than a single helix, is formed by treating the triple-helix glucans with NaOH. After neutralizing the NaOH, changes in FRET indicated that the partially opened conformer gradually reverts to the triple-helix over 8 days. Laminarian was stabilized at different degrees of partial opening and its biological activity examined using the Limulus amebocyte lysate assay and nitric oxide production by alveolar macrophage. Both Limulus amebocyte lysate activity and nitric oxide production were related to the degree of opening of the triple-helix. Partially open conformers were more biologically active than the intact triple-helix.(133)-␤-D-Glucans have been shown to systemically enhance the immune system, resulting in antitumor, antibacterial, and wound healing activities (1). Differences in these activities are thought to be related to three factors: molecular conformation, the degree of branching, and the molecular weight (M r ) (2). Studies have shown that high M r (100,000 -200,000 g/mol) glucans with a degree of branching of 0.20 -0.33 are most active (2), however, data describing the effects of molecular conformation on biological activity are less clear. This is in part due to the lack of adequate methodology to characterize the tertiary structure of glucans.Most spectroscopic techniques only provide data about the secondary structure of glucans. Methods such as solid state 13 C NMR spectroscopy (3) or multi-angle laser-light scattering (4) have had some success in relating the tertiary structure of glucans to their conformation based biological activity, however, their use is limited by availability, cost, and efficacy for evaluating glucan structure in solution. A direct observation technique, such as x-ray crystallography would assist in understanding glucan structure and its biological relevance; however, it is difficult to crystallize glucans and only a limited number of these studies have been done (5-7).Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) 1 is a phenomenon of non-radioactive energy transfer over relatively long distances that has been used to characterize the spatial relationship of donor-and acceptor-labeled molecules in biological systems (8). If a system contains two fluorophores an...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of a Partially Opened Triple-helix Conformation in 1→3-β-Glucan by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Spectroscopy

Young¹,

Dong²,

Jacobs³

2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…-1,3-Glucans and their hydrolysate oligosaccharides extracted from the cell wall exhibit significant bioactivity, e.g., anti-diabetic, 1) anti-apoptosis, 2) monocyte stimulation, 3,4) and anti-tumor. [5][6][7][8][9] Cell-wall autolysis and reconstruction are essential processes during fruiting body development in basidiomycetous fungi. [10][11][12] It is obvious that normal development of the fungi depends on appropriate localization and expression of cell wall-synthetic and -lytic enzymes, and thus disorders in these enzymes cause unusual changes in the structure of the cell wall.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of a Novel Exo-β-1,3-1,6-glucanase from the Fruiting Body of the Edible Mushroom Enoki (Flammulina velutipes)

Fukuda

Hiraga

Asakuma

et al. 2008

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The biologically active glucans found in nature are primarily b-glucans, which show potent anti-tumor, macrophage-stimulating and anti-complementary activity. According to the report of Kitamura et al 27) , b-glucan with an average molecular mass of Ͻ20000 and no ordered structure shows great anti-tumor activity if the degree of branch is Ͻ0.25. Yamada et al insisted that the high molecular weight polysaccharides had relatively more potent anti-complementary activity than the low molecular weight ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Properties of Polysaccharides from Black Pepper

Chun

Shin

Hong

et al. 2002

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An antitumor, branched (1 → 3)-β-d-glucan from a water extract of fruiting bodies of Cryptoporus volvatus

Cited by 84 publications

References 28 publications

Observation of a Partially Opened Triple-helix Conformation in 1→3-β-Glucan by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Spectroscopy

Observation of a Partially Opened Triple-helix Conformation in 1→3-β-Glucan by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Spectroscopy

Purification and Characterization of a Novel Exo-β-1,3-1,6-glucanase from the Fruiting Body of the Edible Mushroom Enoki (Flammulina velutipes)

Biochemical Properties of Polysaccharides from Black Pepper

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About