An anatomical study of the haustoria of Rhinanthus minor attached to roots of different hosts

Rümer, Stefan; Cameron, Duncan D.; Wacker, Robin; Hartung, Wolfram; Jiang, Fan

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2006.07.002

Cited by 55 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The hemiparasite Odontites verna received mostly carbohydrates from the grass Hordeum vulgare, but nitrogenous compounds from the legume Trifolium repens (Govier et al, 1967). In addition, functional groups may differ in their defence mechanisms (Rümer et al, 2007). For instance, the grasses Phleum bertolonii and Hordeum vulgare showed some lignification of their roots in response to parasite haustoria, while the forb Leucanthemum vulgare successfully blocked haustoria by suberization of the cell walls and Plantago lanceolata by local cell death (Rümer et al, 2007).…”

Section: Inbreeding Depression and Stress By Poor Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, functional groups may differ in their defence mechanisms (Rümer et al, 2007). For instance, the grasses Phleum bertolonii and Hordeum vulgare showed some lignification of their roots in response to parasite haustoria, while the forb Leucanthemum vulgare successfully blocked haustoria by suberization of the cell walls and Plantago lanceolata by local cell death (Rümer et al, 2007). The buffering of ID by functional diversity of hosts suggests that the deficits of inbred R. alectorolophus may be better compensated for if hosts from different functional groups are available.…”

Section: Inbreeding Depression and Stress By Poor Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A range of mechanical and chemical defence mechanisms against parasitization have been observed in different host species (Cameron et al, 2006;Rümer et al, 2007;HeideJørgensen, 2008). However, the effects of host species on the growth of R. alectorolophus were not influenced by pollination type, suggesting that inbreeding did not influence the ability of the parasites to overcome specific resistance mechanisms.…”

Section: Population Differences In Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Root hemiparasites are capable of photosynthesis, but attach themselves to the roots of other plants via specialized rootorgans called haustoria (Kuijt, 1969;Rümer et al, 2007) and obtain water, nutrients and assimilates from these hosts (HeideJørgensen, 2008;T e sitel et al, 2011). Most hemiparasites may use a wide range of host species, but species differ strongly in their quality as hosts for hemiparasites (de Hullu, 1984;Matthies, 1996;Guo and Luo, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interactions of inbreeding and stress by poor host quality in a root hemiparasite

Sandner

Matthies

2016

Ann Bot

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Background and Aims Populations of many hemiparasitic plants are fragmented and threatened by inbreeding depression (ID). In addition, they may also be strongly affected by a lack of suitable host species. However, nothing is known about possible interactive effects of inbreeding and host quality for parasitic plants. Poor host quality represents a special type of biotic stress and the magnitude of ID is often expected to be higher in more stressful environments.Methods We studied the effects of inbreeding and the quality of host species for the declining root hemiparasite Rhinanthus alectorolophus. Selfed and open-pollinated parasites from two natural populations were grown (1) with 13 potential host species and (2) with 15 four-species mixtures.Key Results ID differed among host species and mixtures. In the first experiment, ID was highest in parasites grown with good hosts and declined with stress intensity. In the second experiment, ID was not influenced by stress intensity, but was highest in mixtures of hosts from only one functional group and lowest in mixtures containing three functional groups. Both parasite performance with individual host species and the damage to these host species differed between parasites from the two study populations.Conclusions Our results contradict the common assumption that ID is generally higher in more stressful environments. In addition, they support the importance of diverse host communities for hemiparasitic plants. The differences in host quality between the two parasite populations indicate genetic variation in the adaptation to individual hosts and in host-specific virulence. However, inbreeding did not affect specific host-parasite interactions.

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Section: Inbreeding Depression and Stress By Poor Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inbreeding Depression and Stress By Poor Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Population Differences In Host Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Interactions of inbreeding and stress by poor host quality in a root hemiparasite

Sandner

Matthies

2016

Ann Bot

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“…Rhinanthus minor is a relatively common species occurring on meadows across Western Eurasia (Meusel et al 1978). It is able to parasitise a wide range of host species; however, parasite performance (in terms of growth and fecundity) is greatest when attached to grasses and legumes (Cameron et al 2006;Rümer et al 2007). It is by far the most widely used species in recent physiological and ecophysiological studies of hemiparasitic plants (see Irving and Cameron 2009 for a review).…”

Section: Experimental Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterotrophic carbon gain by the root hemiparasites, Rhinanthus minor and Euphrasia rostkoviana (Orobanchaceae)

Těšitel

Plavcová

Cameron

2010

Planta

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Hemiparasitic plants gain virtually all mineral nutrients and water from their host plant whilst organic carbon is provided, at least in part, by their own photosynthetic activity, although their rates of assimilation are substantially lower than that found in non-parasitic plants. Hence, hemiparasites must gain at least some of their organic carbon heterotrophically from the host plant. Despite this, heterotrophic carbon gain by root hemiparasites has been investigated only for a few genera. We investigated heterotrophic carbon gain by two root hemiparasites, Rhinanthus minor L. and Euphrasia rostkoviana Hayne (Orobanchaceae), using natural abundance stable isotope (delta(13)C) profiles of both parasites attached to C(3) (wheat) and C(4) (maize) hosts coupled to a linear two-source isotope-mixing model to estimate the percentage of carbon in the parasite that was derived from the host. Both R. minor and E. rostkoviana attached to maize hosts were significantly more enriched in (13)C than those attached to wheat hosts with R. minor becoming more enriched in (13)C than E. rostkoviana. The natural abundance (13)C profiles of both parasites were not significantly different from their wheat hosts, but were less enriched in (13)C than maize hosts. Using a linear two-source isotope-mixing model, we estimated that R. minor and E. rostkoviana adult plants derive c. 50 and 25% of their carbon from their hosts, respectively. In light of these results, we hypothesise that repeatedly observed negative effect of competition for light on hemiparasites acts predominantly in early ontogenetic stages when parasites grow unattached or the abstraction of host nutrients is less effective.

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Parasites on parasites: hyper‐, epi‐, and autoparasitism among flowering plants

Krasylenko

Těšitel

Ceccantini

et al. 2021

American J of Botany

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All living organisms engage in parasitic relations, as either parasites or hosts, and these interactions play an essential role in biological evolution and the functioning of the biosphere (Combes, 2001). Even among photosynthetic organisms, parasitic interactions are often established by both algae and land plants (Oborník, 2019). The most widespread form of parasitism among plants is characterized by the ability to develop a specialized organ called the haustorium (Kuijt, 1969). This organ differentiates the species commonly referred to as parasitic flowering plants from other non-autotrophic plants that require fungal hosts or partners to fulfill their nutritional needs (Feild and Brodribb, 2005; Merckx et al., 2009). Usually developed soon after germination, the haustorium enables attachment AJB REVIEWS

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An anatomical study of the haustoria of Rhinanthus minor attached to roots of different hosts

Cited by 55 publications

References 17 publications

Interactions of inbreeding and stress by poor host quality in a root hemiparasite

Interactions of inbreeding and stress by poor host quality in a root hemiparasite

Heterotrophic carbon gain by the root hemiparasites, Rhinanthus minor and Euphrasia rostkoviana (Orobanchaceae)

Parasites on parasites: hyper‐, epi‐, and autoparasitism among flowering plants

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