An analytical model for the secondary bending prediction in single-lap composite bolted-joints

A novel predictive model for mechanical behavior of single-lap GFRP composite bolted joint under static and dynamic loading

“…Kelly and Hallstr € Om [6] developed a 3D model to study the bolt clearance effect on both in-plane and out-of-plane stresses, and the stresses were revealed to increase with the clearance increasing. McCarthy et al [5] confirmed that the stiffness and strength of bolted joint structure with stacking sequence [45/ 0/-45/90] 5s were 12% and 2e3% higher respectively than that with stacking sequence [(45/0 2 /-45/90) 3 [20] employed mass spring model to predict the stiffness of single-lap composite bolted joints under quasi-static loading. The computed results were in agreement with the experiment results satisfactorily.…”

“…An improvement was made based on the model mentioned in Olmedo [20], considering the effect of elasticity modulus's strain rate, as shown in Table 7 rate effect need to be considered, such as the friction. What's more, the experiment under impact load should consider the thermal effect.…”

“…It was also noted that when the composite laminate was of complex stacking sequence, different gasket indentations occurred on its two sides, inspiring that the laminates deflected during the experiment process. The deflection behavior known as secondary bending [20] was caused by the asymmetry induced by the singleside gasket, which might intensify the delamination of composite laminates.…”

“…A mass spring model was proposed by Olmedo et al [20], which was then used to investigate the mechanical behavior of a singlelap, single-bolt CFRP composite joint under quasi-static loading.…”

Failure and fracture micro-mechanisms in metal-composite single lap joints produced by welding-based joining techniques

“…Although SLS geometry is simple to produce and test a joint it leads to a complex, mixed-mode loading scenario in the specimens [30]. Shear loading (Mode II) in combination with out-of-plane, normal forces (Mode I), as a result of the well-known secondary bending effect [30,31], are the main loading types during SLS testing [30]. Due to the presence of load eccentricity in the SLS joint, a bending moment and a transverse load is generated as a result of the secondary bending to reduce the eccentricity [32,33].…”