An Analysis of the Wear of Ploughshares With Various Technological Solutions

Abstract

The paper analyses wear processes in various technological forms of ploughshares. Tests involved ploughshares made of Hardox 500, B 27 and 38GSA steel, as well as Hardox 500 steel with the cutting edges hardfaced by means of an El – Hard 63 electrode on the front and back sides, as well as 38GSA steel hardfaced by means of an EStelMn60 electrode. The tests were conducted during natural operation when processing sandy soil. During the tests, the changes in the mass and geometry of ploughshares were measured as a function of the processed area. Ploughshares made of steel were characterised by a diverse martensitic microstructure. The hardfaced layers, on the other hand, were dominated by chromium carbides with alloy ferrite. It has been concluded that the use of hardfaced layers considerably impact the decrease in the intensity of wear of the tested working elements. On the other hand, no significant differences were observed in the wear processes of hardfaced ploughshares depending on the native and additional material and the place of the application of the hardfacing agent. In the analysed soil conditions, ploughshares made of steel did not exhibit any significant differences in the wear process.

The fading flame of hope: the climatic and environmental emergency in the eyes of Polish pupils and students

“…57 Marcin Napiórkowski writes in the context of the climate catastrophe that our tomorrow increasingly depends on the answers we believe in, and if we do not believe that it will work, we do not take action and we fail. 58 We already know, and now it is time to act.…”

Testing the Structure and Properties of Steels After Hardfacing and Laser Treatment

“…The resistance of devices, machine parts, and tools to external conditions, such as frictional wear, corrosion, mechanical and thermal fatigue and others, depends on the types of materials used to manufacture the equipment in question and the surface layers of such materials [L. 1]. Steel wear is a serious problem for heavy duty ISSN 0208-7774 T R I B O L O G I A 2/2019 machinery used in road construction, mining, and agriculture, where elements of some of their subsystems, mainly, grabs, augers, digger buckets, ploughshares, coulters etc., have a direct contact with soil and minerals [L. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Steels used in the production of farming equipment working in soil and in coalmines are construction steels which include S45C, S235, S355, 18G2A, and 38GSA [L. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10], which demonstrate a larger wear than lowalloyed steels with the addition of boron, for example, HARDOX, B27, and Creusabro, XAR, BRINAR, which are characterized by a better hardenability, high resistance to frictional wear and surface load [L. 5,7,9,14].…”

“…Publication [L. 18] examined the microstructure, hardness, and frictional wear resistance of weld deposits containing Cr, Nb, and B formed on the iron alloy substrate (0.11% C), deposited in the FCAW process (flux cored arc welding). It was found that a doublelayer weld deposits demonstrated the highest content of alloying components and a microstructure formed by α-Fe matrix, carboborides of metals (M 7 (BC) 3 and M 23 (BC) 6 and niobium carbides (NbC) size of crystallites falling within the range of 80-120 nm. The two-layer samples had a higher content of carboborides and a hardness of 1020 HV and showed a wear resistance better by 30-40%, compared to the samples with only one layer .…”