An Analysis of Selected Physical Properties of Ancient Wheat Species

Kolankowska, Ewelina; Choszcz, D.; Markowski, Piotr

doi:10.3390/su9111970

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Of the cultivars studied, the Franckenkorn cultivar had the smallest grain length, width, thickness, and kernel weight. The basic dimensions of the grains of the analyzed spelt cultivars are within the range of changes noted by Kolankowska et al 24 . Wider grains had a greater mass.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Most research on spelt has primarily focused on agronomic and nutritional aspects, while relatively little research has examined the physical and mechanical properties of the grain. Previous studies on the mechanical properties, milling, and grinding of spelt grain did not take into account the context of the endosperm microstructure 21 – 24 . To minimize damage to the grain in the milling industry, there is a need to develop efficient machines tailored to the threshing of spelt wheat, and their design requires information on the geometrical and mechanical properties of the grain, as well as its internal microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

Warechowska

Anders

Warechowski

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Previous research has shown that the endosperm microstructure and physical properties of grain have significance in grain processing and in the development of processing machines. The aim of our study was to analyze the endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties, and specific milling energy of organic spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour. Image analysis combined with fractal analysis was used to describe the microstructural differences of the endosperm of spelt grain. The endosperm morphology of spelt kernels was monofractal, isotropic, and complex. A higher proportion of Type-A starch granules resulted in an increased proportion of voids and interphase boundaries in the endosperm. Changes in the fractal dimension were correlated with kernel hardness, specific milling energy, the particle size distribution of flour, and the starch damage rate. Spelt cultivars varied in size and shape of the kernels. Kernel hardness was a property that differentiated specific milling energy, particle size distribution of flour, and starch damage rate. Fractal analysis may be considered as a useful tool for evaluating milling processes in the future.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

Warechowska

Anders

Warechowski

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…The hulled yield of spelt, emmer, and einkorn was composed of grain and hull. These wheats do not freely thresh during combining and require an additional processing step to remove the hull (Kolankowska et al., 2017). At the Lingle irrigated location, grain comprised 57% of the total yield (grain yield / hulled yield).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient spring wheat production in Wyoming

Thapa

Eberle

Youngquist

2023

Crop Forage & Turfgrass Mgmt

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The ancient wheats einkorn (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer (Triticum turgidum L.), and spelt (Triticum spelta L.) are currently attracting renewed consumer interest due to their unique flavor profiles and high nutritional quality compared to modern bread (Triticum aestivum) and durum (Triticum durum L.) wheat. Ancient wheats are well suited for production in marginal lands and may be well adapted to Wyoming growing conditions. A 2‐year study was conducted in three locations in Wyoming (Powell, Sheridan, and Lingle, WY) under irrigated and rainfed conditions to identify the agronomic potential of spring planted spelt, emmer, and einkorn in Wyoming. Across locations, grain yields averaged 832 lbs acre−1 for einkorn, 1492 lbs acre−1 for emmer, and 1064 lbs acre−1 for spelt with 14.7‐15.9% protein. In 2017, irrigated spring wheat yield in Wyoming averaged 3642 lbs acre−1 and dryland yield averaged 1020 lbs acre−1 (USDA, 2017). The Powell irrigated location was the highest yielding and perhaps the best suited for ancient wheat production. Continued research on variety selection and management is needed to further improve yield and profitability of ancient wheats in Wyoming.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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“…As can be read in scientific publications [42][43][44] , the values of the physical characteristics of seeds may vary even within one cultivar due to the significant influence of agrobiological conditions. The conditions of cultivation, climate, fertilisation and other treatments applied to crops affect the individual physical characteristics of seeds, mostly their average length, and to a lesser extent, their thickness and width 45 . They are also important for the selection of appropriate characteristics when separating seeds during cleaning and sorting, and they help to determine the load of machines and devices used in cereal processing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of water content on selected physical properties of cereal seeds to improve the precision of DEM simulation

Gierz¹,

Kolankowska²,

Markowski³

2021

Preprint

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This article presents the results of research on the influence of moisture on changes in selected physical properties, i.e. the length, width, thickness and weight of dressed and untreated cereal seeds in order to improve the simulation process based on the discrete element method (DEM). The research was conducted on the seeds of three winter cereals, i.e. triticale, rye, and barley. The seeds with an initial moisture content of about 7% were moistened to 5 levels, ranging from 9.5% to 17.5%, at an increment of 2%. The statistical analysis showed that moisture significantly influenced the physical properties of the seeds , i.e. their length, width, thickness, and weight. As the moisture content of the seeds increased, there were greater differences in their weight. The average increase in the thousand kernel weight resulting from the increase in their moisture content ranged from 4 to 6 mg. The change in the seed moisture content from 9.5% to 17.5% significantly increased the volume of rye seeds from 3.10% to 14.99%, the volume of triticale seeds from 1.00% to 13.40%, and the volume of barley seeds from 1.00% to 15.33%. These data can be used as a parameter to improve the DEM simulation process.

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An Analysis of Selected Physical Properties of Ancient Wheat Species

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

The endosperm microstructure, physical, thermal properties and specific milling energy of spelt (Triticum aestivum ssp. spelta) grain and flour

Ancient spring wheat production in Wyoming

The influence of water content on selected physical properties of cereal seeds to improve the precision of DEM simulation

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