An analysis of eye-tracking data in foveated ray tracing

Roth, Thorsten; Weier, Martin; Hinkenjann, André; Li, Yongmin; Slusallek, Philipp

doi:10.1109/etvis.2016.7851170

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Our goal now is to analyze the tracking data and the users' corresponding quality ratings for the presence of effects like visual tunneling further than in Weier et al (2016), extending Roth et al (2016). Effects like this may affect quality ratings in certain ways unexpected from the raw data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sampling probability of each individual pixel is computed by evaluating the foveal function with freely adjustable parameters (r 0 , r 1 , p min ). Image adapted from Roth et al (2016).…”

Section: Rendering Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper serves the purpose of extending the short analysis of eye tracking data from our user study which is provided in Roth, Weier, Hinkenjann, Li, and Slusallek (2016). The main objective of this extension is to give better, more detailed insights into the recorded tracking data and a more extensive discussion of the results and the connections between gaze data and subjective perceived quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quality-Centered Analysis of Eye Tracking Data in Foveated Rendering

Roth¹,

Weier²,

Hinkenjann³

et al. 2017

JEMR

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This work presents the analysis of data recorded by an eye tracking device in the course of evaluating a foveated rendering approach for head-mounted displays (HMDs). Foveated ren- dering methods adapt the image synthesis process to the user’s gaze and exploiting the human visual system’s limitations to increase rendering performance. Especially, foveated rendering has great potential when certain requirements have to be fulfilled, like low-latency rendering to cope with high display refresh rates. This is crucial for virtual reality (VR), as a high level of immersion, which can only be achieved with high rendering performance and also helps to reduce nausea, is an important factor in this field. We put things in context by first providing basic information about our rendering system, followed by a description of the user study and the collected data. This data stems from fixation tasks that subjects had to perform while being shown fly-through sequences of virtual scenes on an HMD. These fixation tasks consisted of a combination of various scenes and fixation modes. Besides static fixation targets, moving tar- gets on randomized paths as well as a free focus mode were tested. Using this data, we estimate the precision of the utilized eye tracker and analyze the participants’ accuracy in focusing the displayed fixation targets. Here, we also take a look at eccentricity-dependent quality ratings. Comparing this information with the users’ quality ratings given for the displayed sequences then reveals an interesting connection between fixation modes, fixation accuracy and quality ratings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rendering Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Quality-Centered Analysis of Eye Tracking Data in Foveated Rendering

Roth¹,

Weier²,

Hinkenjann³

et al. 2017

JEMR

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proposed method revolves around tree-building parameters, but no consideration was accorded to rendering parameters. In future studies, we intend to probe into parameters that affect speed and image quality in rendering, such as variable rate shading [21] and foveated rendering [22].…”

Section: B Limitations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Load Balancing Algorithm for Real-Time Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes

et al. 2020

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In this paper, we propose a load balancing algorithm that accelerates ray tracing effectively and simply manner. The algorithm was developed in a hybrid system consisting of a CPU and hardware dedicated to ray tracing. Tree-building is processed on the CPU, and rendering is executed by the ray tracing-dedicated hardware. Because these components operate independently of each other, the final performance in terms of frames per second (FPS) is determined based on the time spent on tree-building or rendering, whichever process takes longer. This characteristic of a hybrid system is reflected in the developed algorithm, which dynamically adjusts tree-build parameters at every frame, thereby minimizing the interval between tree-building and rendering times. These effects ultimately increase FPS performance. Experiments at a resolution of 1920 × 1080 involving various dynamic scenes indicated that FPS performance improved by an average of 75.3% when the proposed algorithm was used.

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“…For example, high-speed BCI spellers, which detect gaze direction by steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP), can achieve typing speed up to 10 words/min [5]. Recently, both eye tracking [6] and SSVEP BCIs [7] have been developed and implemented separately in VR head-mounted displays (VRHMD). The combination of the two methods is therefore potential for high-performance gaze interaction in VR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Speed Spelling in Virtual Reality with Sequential Hybrid BCIs

Yao

Wang

et al. 2018

IEICE Trans. Inf. & Syst.

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A new hybrid brain-computer interface (BCI), which is based on sequential controls by eye tracking and steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs), has been proposed for high-speed spelling in virtual reality (VR) with a 40-target virtual keyboard. During target selection, gaze point was first detected by an eye-tracking accessory. A 4-target block was then selected for further target selection by a 4-class SSVEP BCI. The system can type at a speed of 1.25 character/sec in a cue-guided target selection task. Online experiments on three subjects achieved an averaged information transfer rate (ITR) of 360.7 bits/min.

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An analysis of eye-tracking data in foveated ray tracing

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A Quality-Centered Analysis of Eye Tracking Data in Foveated Rendering

A Quality-Centered Analysis of Eye Tracking Data in Foveated Rendering

Load Balancing Algorithm for Real-Time Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes

High-Speed Spelling in Virtual Reality with Sequential Hybrid BCIs

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