An All-Glass Apparatus for the Continuous Cultivation of Yeast Under Anaerobic Conditions

Stier, T. J. B.; Scalf, R. E.; Brockmann, M. C.

doi:10.1128/jb.59.1.45-49.1950

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 3 publications

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“…This may help to explain the correlation between CO 2-sensitivity and oxidative activity. An ability to grow under a full CO 2 atmosphere has been demonstrated for Mucor rouxii (Bartnicki-Garcia, 1963) and for Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Stier et al, 1950), two fungi which are able to switch from aerobic growth with an oxidative energy metabolism to anaerobic growth with a fermentative metabolism (see also Stotzky and Goos, 1965).…”

Section: Results Of Quantitative Studies-growth Curves and Titratablementioning

confidence: 99%

Aqualinderella Fermentans Gen. Et Sp. N., a Phycomycete Adapted to Stagnant Waters. Ii. Isolation, Cultural Characteristics, and Gas Relations

Emerson

Held

1969

American J of Botany

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This newly described member of the Leptomitales was incapable of growth in air on complex media routinely used to culture its nearest relatives. All attempts to isolate it in pure culture were unsuccessful until it was held in an atmosphere established by burning a candle in a sealed jar. Under these conditions it grew vigorously on various complex media and could be readily propagated in the laboratory in pure as well as in unifungal gross cultures. Like a number of other aquatic phycomycetes, A qualinderella fermentans proved to be a strong acid producer, its cultures requiring frequent neutralization during active growth. Work with pure cultures revealed a combination of gas relationships not described before among the fungi. A high level of atmospheric CO2 is required, with good growth occurring between 5 and 20%. Growth also takes place under 99% CO2. Supplemental CO2 is partially replaceable by succinate. A. fermentans exhibits undiminished growth in an atmosphere of CO2‐supplemented hydrogen, essentially devoid of oxygen (leuco‐methylene blue). These features are accompanied by an obligately fermentative energy metabolism. Ecologically, A. fermentans is adapted to an environment poor in oxygen and rich both in carbon dioxide and in fermentable organic matter. Such environments are likely to prevail in the warm, stagnant pools where this water mold has been found growing on submerged fruits. In many aspects of its cultural behavior and metabolism A. fermentans resembles another highly fermentative water mold, Blastocladia (Blastocladiales, Chytridiomycetes). The suggestion is made that in both instances parallel regressive evolution has occurred.

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Section: Results Of Quantitative Studies-growth Curves and Titratablementioning

confidence: 99%

Aqualinderella Fermentans Gen. Et Sp. N., a Phycomycete Adapted to Stagnant Waters. Ii. Isolation, Cultural Characteristics, and Gas Relations

Emerson

Held

1969

American J of Botany

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Design and operation of a simple continuous‐culture apparatus

Saeed

Moss

1966

Biotech & Bioengineering

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A versa& and simple continuous-culture apparatus is described. With this apparat,us, independent control of limiting growth factors and other nutrilites is possible and the conditions of each experiment are reproducible. I n view of the synchronized speed of the feeder syringes, flow variation troubles are not encountered. The device allows the performance of growth experiments a t different dilut,ion rates simultaneously in a single run which makes the comparison of the results more reliable. The operation of the device has been tested successfully with a st>rtdy of adenine deaminase induction in yeast.

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Cytochrome Pigments of Baker's and Brewer's Yeasts

Hennessy¹

1962

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Baker's yeast, grown aerobically, has five absorption bands in the visible spectrum, due to cytochromes a and as at 605 mμ., cytochrome b at 565 and 530 mμ. and cytochrome c at 550 and 523 mμ. Brewer's yeast, anaerobically grown, can have up to three bands due to cytochrome a1 at approx. 590 mμ. and cytochrome b, at 558 and 530 mμ. Baker's yeast under anaerobic conditions becomes indistinguishable from brewer's yeast. Brewer's yeast grown aerobically becomes indistinguishable from baker's yeast and shows cytochromes a and a3, b and c. Cytochromes a, and b1 are said to be precursors in the biosynthesis of cytochromes a and a1, b and c A brewer's yeast incubated at 37° C. lost the cytochrome bands for a, and b1 and developed two new bands at 583 mμ. and 549 mμ. The compounds producing bands at 583 and 549 mμ. may be of biosynthetic importance because of their similarity to the spectra of compounds already reported in yeast, viz., haemoglobin and cytochrome c. Baker's yeast decreased in Qo2 value during fermentation but there was a rise in ability to produce carbon dioxide. The change in cytochrome constitution during anaerobiosis leaves a yeast with a low oxygen uptake. The ability to take up oxygen at all is probably only possible because of a reserve respiration system incorporating cytochromes a1 and b1.

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An All-Glass Apparatus for the Continuous Cultivation of Yeast Under Anaerobic Conditions

Cited by 14 publications

References 3 publications

Aqualinderella Fermentans Gen. Et Sp. N., a Phycomycete Adapted to Stagnant Waters. Ii. Isolation, Cultural Characteristics, and Gas Relations

Aqualinderella Fermentans Gen. Et Sp. N., a Phycomycete Adapted to Stagnant Waters. Ii. Isolation, Cultural Characteristics, and Gas Relations

Design and operation of a simple continuous‐culture apparatus

Cytochrome Pigments of Baker's and Brewer's Yeasts

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