An algebraic semi-empirical model for evaluating fuel crossover fluxes of a DMFC under various operating conditions

Chiu, Yu-Jen

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2010.03.080

Cited by 19 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Methanol crossover data are presented in Table 1, it is in accordance with literature reports; Chiu calculated methanol crossover flux between 1.0 mmolÁm 22 Ás 21 and 2.5 mmolÁm 22 Ás 21 with 1.5 M methanol solution at 308C and the current density in the range 100-450 mA cm 22 [31]. Neburchilov et al [32] stated in their review that methanol crossover was determined to be 1.…”

Section: Cathode Exhaust Gas Compositionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Environmental aspects of direct methanol fuel cell: Experimental detection of methanol electro‐oxidation products

İlbay

2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This study deals with the experimental investigation of compositional changes of various liquid/gas streams during mid‐term (3 h) continuous operation of an active direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). A test system is equipped with various sensors and with sampling ports to collect liquid samples to measure off‐line methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid concentrations by means of high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV spectroscopy. Initially, polarization study is performed to select suitable operating ranges to be considered in an experimental plan according to which runs are performed to collect process data from the system. Then, the experimental data is fitted using regression analysis for the statistical evaluation of the impacts of operating variables on the compositions of methanol tank solution and cathode gas by means of response surface plots. The cathode gas composition is further discussed in the context of methanol crossover and catalytic chemical reactions on the cathode side. Experiments show that methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid concentrations may exceed their safe limits of exposure depending on the operating conditions. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 1847–1855, 2017

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Section: Cathode Exhaust Gas Compositionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Environmental aspects of direct methanol fuel cell: Experimental detection of methanol electro‐oxidation products

İlbay

2017

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…When all methanol crossover mechanisms are considered , the methanol crossover per unit area can be written as

j = \frac{D H Δ C}{L} + \frac{C_{2} K Δ P}{μ L} + \frac{E_{D} M i}{F}

where Δ C represents the difference between methanol concentration at the interface between the anode CL and the membrane and between the membrane and the cathode CL , respectively; Δ P is the difference in the liquid pressure across the membrane. In addition, there are other several mathematical formulas that are used in estimating the methanol crossover .…”

Section: Methanol Crossovermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ΔC represents the difference between methanol concentration at the interface between the anode CL and the membrane and between the membrane and the cathode CL, respectively; ΔP is the difference in the liquid pressure across the membrane. In addition, there are other several mathematical formulas that are used in estimating the methanol crossover [12][13][14][15][16]. Based on the above given equations (1)(2)(3)(4), the rate of methanol crossover can be reduced by decreasing the diffusivity, increasing the membrane thickness or reducing the methanol concentration at the anode CL.…”

Section: Methanol Crossovermentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells: challenges and achievements

Ahmed

Dinçer

2011

Int. J. Energy Res.

234

125

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SUMMARYDirect methanol fuel cells have the potential to power future microelectronic and portable electronic devices because of their high energy density. One of the major obstacles that currently prevent the widespread applications of direct methanol fuel cells is the methanol crossover through the polymer-electrolyte membrane. Methanol crossover is closely related to several factors including membrane structure and morphology, membrane thickness, and fuel cell operating conditions such as temperature, pressure, and methanol feed concentration. This work presents a comprehensive overview of the state-ofthe-art technology for the most important factors, affecting methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells. In addition, the current and future directions of the research and development activities, aiming to reduce the methanol crossover are reviewed and discussed in order to improve the performance of direct methanol fuel cells.

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“…3,14,25,40,41,[48][49][50][51][52]73,and 74). Single-phase flow in the cell is assumed; i.e., liquid flow in the anode and gas flow in the cathode.…”

Section: Mathematical Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several closedform or approximate analytical [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] as well as semi-analytical [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51] solutions have also been secured for a DLFC fuelled with methanol; similarly, analytical solutions have been derived for ethanol as the fuel. Typically, these models are solved numerically due to the non-linear nature of the governing equations; see, e.g., Refs.…”

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confidence: 99%

Two-Dimensional Approximate Analytical Solutions for the Direct Liquid Fuel Cell

Birgersson

2011

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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A two-dimensional, steady-state, isothermal, and single-phase model considering the conservation of mass, momentum, and species of a direct liquid fuel cell (DLFC) is presented, solved analytically, and demonstrated for a DLFC running on methanol or ethanol. For the anode, approximate analytical solutions that capture the local leading-order physical and electrochemical phenomena are obtained with Taylor series expansions, homogenization, and separation of variables; for the cathode, a closed-form, integrable expression is secured for the local and parasitic current densities, followed by the introduction of a transformation, and solution of the resulting set of equations with the method of eigenfunction expansion. The full set of equations are calibrated and validated with experiments, after which the approximate analytical solutions are verified with the full set: Overall, good to reasonably good agreement is found for both methanol and ethanol, although the single-phase model is not able to capture high current densities (larger than around 2000 Am À2 ) that can be obtained with methanol. These closed-form solutions can easily be adjusted to account for other types of liquid fuels and should lend themselves well to, e.g., multi-objective optimization.

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An algebraic semi-empirical model for evaluating fuel crossover fluxes of a DMFC under various operating conditions

Cited by 19 publications

References 36 publications

Environmental aspects of direct methanol fuel cell: Experimental detection of methanol electro‐oxidation products

Environmental aspects of direct methanol fuel cell: Experimental detection of methanol electro‐oxidation products

A review on methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells: challenges and achievements

Two-Dimensional Approximate Analytical Solutions for the Direct Liquid Fuel Cell

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