An alcohol-free tissue conditioner—A laboratory evaluation

Viscoelastic behavior of commercially available tissue conditioners under compression

“…Further, with repeated mastication and occlusion, the distance between the polymer chains is expected to decrease, and the chains become dense, causing the material to harden and decreasing the stress relaxation. In addition, when tissue conditioners are immersed in water after gelation, the alcohol and plasticizers in the gel are eluted 9,10) , reportedly changing the viscoelastic properties 6,11,12) . Various factors are involved in stress relaxation.…”

“…Tissue conditioners comprise a powder, which is primarily composed of polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA), and a liquid, which is primarily composed of alcohol and a plasticizer such as a phthalate ester. However, in recent years, tissue conditioners with components such as polymer-containing liquids and alcohol-free products that are unlike the components of conventional products have entered the market, and few studies have focused on the viscoelasticity of these new products 6,7) . Manufacturers often claim that these products can be used both as a tissue conditioner and as a functional impression material.…”

The effect of crude drugs on the angiogenic property and dynamic viscoelasticity of PEMA-based soft polymer materials

“…The powder typically consists of polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA) polymer or a related copolymer 5,16) . The conventional liquid contains a mixture of an ester plasticizer and ethyl alcohol (EtOH) [16][17][18] . Dynamic viscoelasticity is an important factor to consider when this material used for tissue conditioning in clinical situation 19) .…”

“…Dynamic viscoelasticity is an important factor to consider when this material used for tissue conditioning in clinical situation 19) . However, rapid loss of viscoelasticity occurs during clinical use due to the leaching of EtOH and plasticizer into the oral environment 18,[20][21][22] . Therefore, most previous studies are related to improving the life span of soft polymer materials [5][6][7]18,23) .…”

“…However, rapid loss of viscoelasticity occurs during clinical use due to the leaching of EtOH and plasticizer into the oral environment 18,[20][21][22] . Therefore, most previous studies are related to improving the life span of soft polymer materials [5][6][7]18,23) . To date, the mechanical and surface properties, as well as the dimensional stability of tissue conditioners have been widely investigated [4][5][6][7]17,19,24,25) .…”