An Al(OTf)3-catalyzed environmentally benign process for the propargylation of indoles

Using aluminium triflate as a co‐catalyst for the polymerization of o‐phenylenediamine and its derivatives

“…Water‐tolerant metal triflates are especially attractive from both an economical and environmental perspective as they can easily be recycled . Thus, aluminium triflate (Al(OTf) 3 ) is a reusable catalyst which tolerates water effectively and is stable in aqueous medium . Al(OTf) 3 has not been explored as extensively as other metal triflates, e.g.…”

“…Al(OTf) 3 has not been explored as extensively as other metal triflates, e.g. the rare earth metal triflates in particular, despite it being comparatively more affordable . Al(OTf) 3 was used in our study as co‐catalyst to polymerize different phenylenediamines instead of protic acids which are normally used for polymerizations .…”

“…45 Thus, aluminium triflate (Al(OTf) 3 ) is a reusable catalyst which tolerates water effectively and is stable in aqueous medium. 46 Al(OTf) 3 has not been explored as extensively as other metal triflates, e.g. the rare earth metal triflates in particular, despite it being comparatively more affordable.…”

Aluminum Trifluoromethanesulfonate

“…Aluminum triflate is a white solid with a high melting point 2 and acts as a strong, stable, oxophilic [3][4][5] Lewis acid that can easily be recycled and reused 6 due to its water-tolerant properties. 7 During initial investigations, aluminum trifluoromethanesulfonate was mainly used for Michael and Friedel-Crafts reactions, and it also functioned as a Lewis acid catalyst for the protection of alcohols, phenols, and thiophenols 8 with a variety of different protecting groups (i.e., methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, tert-butyl, acetyl, tetrahydropyranyl and tetrahydrofuranyl). 1,9,10 Recently, the utilization of aluminum trifluoromethanesulfonate has been studied in much more diversity, for example as a co-catalyst in metal-catalyzed reactions, 4,11 in the nucleophilic opening of epoxides, 5,12,13 cyclization, 14 substitution, 15 and other reactions.…”

Alcohols in direct carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond-forming reactions: recent advances

“…92 Furthermore, alkylation of furans by benzyl, allyl, and propargyl alcohols 80,[93][94][95][96] in the presence of Lewis acids as a catalyst has been also reviewed 17 and of the many results a selection is shown in Table 11. The catalytic nucleophilic substitution of tertiary alcohols of type 15, using carbon or heteroatom based nucleophiles in the presence of Lewis acid has been the several publications 79,85,98,99 as well as a review 20 and selected results are shown in Table 12. Tables 13 and 14 respectively.…”