An Agrarian History of Portugal, 1000-2000

Freire, Dulce; Lains, Pedro

doi:10.1163/9789004311527

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The number of time-step periods that determine which features are analyzed together to assess local space-time clustering was set to 20 years, which was considered as the most appropriate regular interval considering the evolutionary phases of regional agricultural production in Portugal (e.g., wheat campaign phase from 1929 to 1938 and world wars) [6]. Therefore, the final analysis provides the general trend of the 20-year cluster in recent time, revealing the latest production tendency for wheat, maize, and rice.…”

Section: Long-term Spatiotemporal Interpretation and Trend Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Historically, the Portuguese agricultural sector has had different regional specializations because of the considerable diversity of natural and economic-social conditions, which produced different reactions to the impacts of public policies, markets, and technological changes over time [6,34]. In this study, notably, for decades maize and wheat production alternated, depending on agricultural years and political aspects such as the Wheat Campaign (an initiative launched during 1929-1938 in order to achieve productive self-sufficiency) [6]. In fact, we were able to confirm that regional production was influenced by two types of public policies, with different incentives that impacted the rural areas and agricultural activities and affected cereals.…”

Section: Visualisation Description and Interpretation Of The Regional Productionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the incompatibility of these administrative units, a long-term analysis that also includes the last 30 years, reflecting regional production dynamics and oscillations, Land 2021, 10, 776 2 of 18 was not possible to reach. To date, several authors have been conditioned to use aggregated statistical series at the national level [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Agricultural Production in Portugal during 1850–2018: A Geographical and Historical Perspective

Viana

Freire

Abrantes

et al. 2021

Land

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Agricultural statistical data enable the detection and interpretation of the development of agriculture and the food supply situation over time, which is essential for food security evaluation in any country. Based on the historical agricultural statistics, this study produces a long spatial time-series with annual production values of three cereals relevant to global food security—wheat, maize, and rice, aiming to provide geographical and historical perspectives. Therefore, we reconstructed past and current production patterns and trends at the district level over 169 years, which supported a space–time cross-reading of the general characteristics of the regional agricultural production value distributions and relative densities in Portugal. Particularly, the production trends of wheat, maize, and rice showed three different situations: growth (maize), stability (rice), and decline (wheat). For decades, maize and wheat production alternated, depending on agricultural years and political aspects, such as the Wheat Campaign (1929–1938). The changes over time presented a pattern that, in the case of these three cereals, enabled a clear division of the country into major regions according to cereal production. Overall, maize and rice, both grown on irrigated croplands, presented a similar pattern in some regions of Portugal, mainly the central region. In this study, a preliminary analysis was presented and related to successive public policies; however, notably, there are more lessons to be learned from this long spatial time-series.

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Section: Long-term Spatiotemporal Interpretation and Trend Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visualisation Description and Interpretation Of The Regional Productionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Agricultural Production in Portugal during 1850–2018: A Geographical and Historical Perspective

Viana

Freire

Abrantes

et al. 2021

Land

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“…Thus, the Beja district is experiencing a new landscape dynamic, caused not only by the systematic increase in permanent crops areas but also by the decrease of arable land that produces a historical agricultural product: wheat (the grain of civilization). Indeed, over the last century, Beja consistently showed remarkable importance in wheat production, mainly explained by: (i) the type of soil in Beja, "Barros de Beja" (Beja clays), which is a dense and deep soil that is particularly suitable for this cereal production; (ii) the type of land exploitation (latifundium) [50]; and (iii) the weather conditions (i.e., a temperate climate with Mediterranean characteristics), as the wheat crop has a relative tolerance to water deficiency [51]. Accordingly, the arable land tendency to lose, especially for the permanent crops class, causes some concerns.…”

Section: About the Dominant Lulc Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating Dominant Land Use/Land Cover Changes and Predicting Future Scenario in a Rural Region Using a Memoryless Stochastic Method

Viana

Rocha

2020

Sustainability

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The present study used the official Portuguese land use/land cover (LULC) maps (Carta de Uso e Ocupação do Solo, COS) from 1995, 2007, 2010, 2015, and 2018 to quantify, visualize, and predict the spatiotemporal LULC transitions in the Beja district, a rural region in the southeast of Portugal, which is experiencing marked landscape changes. Here, we computed the conventional transition matrices for in-depth statistical analysis of the LULC changes that have occurred from 1995 to 2018, providing supplementary statistics regarding the vulnerability of inter-class transitions by focusing on the dominant signals of change. We also investigated how the LULC is going to move in the future (2040) based on matrices of current states using the Discrete-Time Markov Chain (DTMC) model. The results revealed that, between 1995 and 2018, about 28% of the Beja district landscape changed. Particularly, croplands remain the predominant LULC class in more than half of the Beja district (in 2018 about 64%). However, the behavior of the inter-class transitions was significantly different between periods, and explicitly revealed that arable land, pastures, and forest were the most dynamic LULC classes. Few dominant (systematic) signals of change during the 1995–2018 period were observed, highlighting the transition of arable land to permanent crops (5%) and to pastures (2.9%), and the transition of pastures to forest (3.5%) and to arable land (2.7%). Simulation results showed that about 25% of the territory is predicted to experience major LULC changes from arable land (−3.81%), permanent crops (+2.93%), and forests (+2.60%) by 2040.

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“…Portugal is divided into seven regions (North, Metropolitan area-Lisbon, Centre, Alentejo, Algarve, Madeira, and Azores), which have different regional specialisations because of the considerable diversity of natural and economic-social conditions (Avillez, 2015;Freire and Lains, 2017). The regions of Alentejo and Azores have the highest significance in the national agriculture production, representing 8.6% and 6.8% of GDP, respectively (Marques, 2015;GPP, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root-knot nematode assessment: species identification, distribution, and new host records in Portugal

Rusinque

Camacho

Serra³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Considered one of the most devastating plant parasitic nematodes worldwide, Meloidogyne spp. (commonly known as the root-knot nematodes (RKNs)) are obligate sedentary endoparasites that establish in the roots, causing hyperplasia and hypertrophy of surrounding cells, triggering the formation of galls. These galls will affect root development and physiology, leading to substantial yield losses. During 2017–2022, an extensive survey of Meloidogyne species was undertaken in Portugal (mainland and islands). A total of 1,071 samples were collected by the National Plant Protection Organization (DGAV) and private farmers from different regions of the country and were analysed at the Laboratory of Nematology (NemaINIAV). Samples in which the presence of Meloidogyne sp. was detected were used to perform bioassays to obtain females and juveniles for further studies. Since the accurate identification of RKNs is an important aspect of crop management, morphological and biochemical characterisation was performed. The most common morphological features were observed, showing consistency with previous descriptions of the genus. The biochemical identification using the esterase (EST) phenotype revealed the phenotypes of Meloidogyne arenaria, M enterolobi, M. hispanica, M. hapla, M. incognita, M javanica, and M. luci. Meloidogyne incognita and M. javanica were found to be the most prevalent species in the different regions followed by M. arenaria and M. hapla. This is the first distribution report performed in Portugal on RKNs, contributing to the development of management strategies and to updated information on the status of these pests in Europe.

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An Agrarian History of Portugal, 1000-2000

Cited by 9 publications

References 0 publications

Evolution of Agricultural Production in Portugal during 1850–2018: A Geographical and Historical Perspective

Evolution of Agricultural Production in Portugal during 1850–2018: A Geographical and Historical Perspective

Evaluating Dominant Land Use/Land Cover Changes and Predicting Future Scenario in a Rural Region Using a Memoryless Stochastic Method

Root-knot nematode assessment: species identification, distribution, and new host records in Portugal

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