An active metasurface for field-localizing wireless power transfer using dynamically reconfigurable cavities

Ranaweera, A. L. A. K.; Pham, Thanh Son; Bui, Huu Nguyen; Ngo, Viet; Lee, Jong‐Wook

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48253-7

Cited by 42 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 54 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…In 2007, coupled WPT re-emerged as an alternative to deliver electrical power to systems where physical wiring is difficult or dangerous 1,2 . Since then, a number of notable articles appeared [3][4][5] . However, these were improvements or at the best variations of the coupled WPT systems originally proposed in 2 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Experimental Realization of Zenneck Type Wave-based Non-Radiative, Non-Coupled Wireless Power Transmission

Oruganti

Liu

Paul

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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A decade ago, non-radiative wireless power transmission re-emerged as a promising alternative to deliver electrical power to devices where a physical wiring proved impracticable. However, conventional "coupling-based" approaches face performance issues when multiple devices are involved, as they are restricted by factors like coupling and external environments. Zenneck waves are excited at interfaces, like surface plasmons and have the potential to deliver electrical power to devices placed on a conducting surface. Here, we demonstrate, efficient and long range delivery of electrical power by exciting non-radiative waves over metal surfaces to multiple loads. our modeling and simulation using Maxwell's equation with proper boundary conditions shows Zenneck type behavior for the excited waves and are in excellent agreement with experimental results. in conclusion, we physically realize a radically different class of power transfer system, based on a wave, whose existence has been fiercely debated for over a century.

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confidence: 99%

“…All the existing WPT systems (Inductive, magnetic resonance and capacitive; far field systems not included) rely on critical coupling between coils of the transmitter and receiver for efficient delivery of power [2][3][4][5][6][7] . The resonance conditions are easily affected by the external factors [6][7][8] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Realization of Zenneck Type Wave-based Non-Radiative, Non-Coupled Wireless Power Transmission

Oruganti

Liu

Paul

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…However, the physical principle is quite different. The proposed method is realized by using cavity mode enabled for field localization [29] and dynamically localizes power into the WPT path using switchable unit cells.…”

Section: Field-localized Waveguide On Metasurfacementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2(a) shows the schematic of the switchable unit cell, which is realized using a four-turn spiral resonator (4T-SR) and tuning elements. The dimension of the 4T-SR is similar to the one used in the previous work [29]. The varactor C V provides a variable capacitance from 4 to 81 pF.…”

Section: Field-localized Waveguide On Metasurfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Tunable Metasurface Using Deep Neural Networks for Field Localized Wireless Power Transfer

2020

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Wireless power transfer (WPT), a convenient method for powering multiple devices, enables a truly wireless connection, eliminating the need for periodic charging and replacing a battery. To further enhance WPT, the unique characteristics of metamaterial, such as its field focusing and evanescent wave amplification, have been successfully utilized. With subwavelength characteristics, computational challenges arise when the number of metamaterial unit cells is increased. In this work, we investigate a deep neural network (DNN)-based design of the tunable metamaterial for WPT. Using structures specifically designed for different tasks, the DNN predicts the frequency spectra and synthesizes the unit cell's design parameters. When trained using a set of ~23000 randomly selected designs, we achieve an accumulated mean square error (MSE) of less than 1.5×10-3 for 97.3% of the 1929 test set. For synthesizing the unit cell's design parameters, the MSE is less than 2.5×10-3 for 95.7% of the test set. The data-driven method is further extended to a generative adversarial network (GAN) to create the WPT paths and predict the frequency spectra of them. To achieve high efficiency, we propose a cost function focusing on the spectra's transmission peak. After training using 80000 measured data, the GAN can create WPT paths that efficiently connect the transmitter and the receiver on the metasurface. The results show that the DNN provides an alternative and efficient design method for the metamaterial, replacing traditional EM-simulation-based approaches. INDEX TERMS wireless power transfer, tunable metamaterial, metasurface, field localization, deep neural network, generative adversarial network.

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“…The authors designed the unit-cell with two layers, in which each layer contains a switchable diode for providing 2-bit control ability. Recently, there has been an increasing number of research works which focus on using metasurface in wireless power transfer [16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Nevertheless, these works are just able to do fixed focusing and are definitely inapplicable for mobile devices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Coding Metasurface for Wireless Power Transfer Applications

et al. 2019

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We propose and implement a novel 1-bit coding metasurface that is capable of focusing and steering beam for enhancing power transfer efficiency of the electromagnetic (EM) wave-based wireless power transfer systems. The proposed metasurface comprises 16 × 16 unit cells which are designed with a fractal structure and the operating frequency of 5.8 GHz. One PIN diode is incorporated within each unit cell and enables two states with 180 ° phase change of the reflected signal at the unit cell. The two states of the unit cell correspond to the ON and OFF states of the PIN diode or “0” and “1” coding in the metasurface. By appropriately handling the ON/OFF states of the coding metasurface, we can control the reflected EM wave impinged on the metasurface. To verify the working ability of the coding metasurface, a prototype metasurface with a control board has been fabricated and measured. The results showed that the coding metasurface is capable of focusing beam to desired direction. For practical scenarios, we propose an adaptive optimal phase control scheme for focusing the beam to a mobile target. Furthermore, we prove that the proposed adaptive optimal phase control scheme outperforms the random phase control and beam synthesis schemes.

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An active metasurface for field-localizing wireless power transfer using dynamically reconfigurable cavities

Cited by 42 publications

References 54 publications

Experimental Realization of Zenneck Type Wave-based Non-Radiative, Non-Coupled Wireless Power Transmission

Experimental Realization of Zenneck Type Wave-based Non-Radiative, Non-Coupled Wireless Power Transmission

Design of Tunable Metasurface Using Deep Neural Networks for Field Localized Wireless Power Transfer

A Novel Coding Metasurface for Wireless Power Transfer Applications

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