An acidic polysaccharide of Panax ginseng ameliorates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and induces regulatory T cells

Effects of an aqueous extract of North American ginseng on MOG(35–55)-induced EAE in mice

“…The single prior EAE experiment with ginseng revealed that clinical and pathological signs of EAE were decreased with pre-treatment (Hwang et al 2011). The observed increase in T reg cells suggests that the early treatment may be influencing the immunization process rather than CNS disease, and is consistent with our observation that ginseng can produce an attenuation of peripheral inflammation.…”

“…EAE is a well-accepted animal model of MS, in which immunized animals show similar clinical and pathological signs of neuroinflammation. Hwang et al (2011) found that treatment with an acidic ginseng polysaccharide prior to immunization decreased the severity of clinical signs of EAE by increasing the number of circulating regulatory T-cells. In our study, we hypothesized that treatment of mice during acute disease with an aqueous ginseng extract would lead to a decrease in the clinical and pathological signs of the disease, owing to decreased production of iNOS.…”

Regulatory T cells in vitiligo: Implications for pathogenesis and therapeutics

“…Studies have shown that APG significantly ameliorates the progression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inhibiting the proliferation of autoreactive T cells and promoting the generation of immunosuppressive Tregs through the activation of FoxP3 [97]. Recently, Ahmad et al [98] showed that 5-aminoisoquinolinone treatment significantly up-regulated the number of Tregs, I B (NF-B inhibitor)-levels and mRNA expression of anti-inflammatory mediators, thereby reducing the arthritis scores in adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice.…”

Maturation of murine bone marrow dendritic cells induced by acidic Ginseng polysaccharides

“…The reports from early studies claimed that AGP was with many immunoregulatory properties, such as activation of macrophage, proliferation and viability of mouse spleen cells, synergistic immunostimulatory effect of pidotimod, enhancing humoral immunity of immunosuppressed mice, anti-oxidation, antimalarial activity, inhibiting regulatory T cells in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, anti-infective activity against opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa and increasing secretion of cytokines [3][4][5][6][7][8]. In China AGP has become a commercial product for patients with various kinds of infections to increase the immune defense during infections, immune dysfunction and other immune boosting, such as cancers [9][10][11].…”