Amygdala and Nucleus Accumbens Activation to Emotional Facial Expressions in Children and Adolescents at Risk for Major Depression

Monk, Christopher S.; Klein, Rachel G.; Telzer, Eva H.; Schroth, Elizabeth; Mannuzza, Salvatore; Moulton, John L.; Guardino, Mary; Masten, Carrie L.; Tone, Erin B.; Fromm, Stephen J.; Blair, R. J. R.; Pine, Daniel S.; Ernst, Monique

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06111917

Cited by 312 publications

(333 citation statements)

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“…6,7 When a small volume correction was applied in a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment, healthy adolescents with a family history of MDD displayed altered activation in the amygdala and nucleus accumbens when observing emotional faces. 8 Also, healthy monozygotic twins of patients with MDD showed greater activation in the left infer ior frontal gyrus during verbal encoding and retrieval. 9 These neural differences were discovered in spite of the absence of negative bias on a behavioural level, suggesting that susceptibility and associated changes can manifest themselves without behavioural signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Recruitment of the left hemispheric emotional attention neural network in risk for and protection from depression

Lisiecka

Carballedo

Fagan

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

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IntroductionIndividuals with a first-degree relative who has major depressive disorder (MDD) are at a 2-to 3-fold greater risk for depression than those without a family history of MDD. 1 Rela tives of depressed patients, compared with individuals without family history of psychiatric disorders, are characterized by elevated neuroticism, depressive cognitions and rigidity 2 and by stability of these traits over time.3 Patients with MDD who had relatives with an affective disorder display greater neuroticism 4 and have an earlier age of onset of MDD. 5 Evidently, family history of MDD alters susceptibility to depression and to an acute MDD episode. The factor is clinically important since it involves mechanisms of elevated risk for MDD (relatives of patients with MDD compared with healthy controls), suggests relative resilience to the disease (relatives of patients with MDD compared with the patients themselves) and points to different endophenotypes of healthy controls and patients with MDD. A good understanding of these mechanisms should not be underestimated if diagnosis, therapy and prevention of the disorder are to be enhanced. Background: Family history of major depressive disorder (MDD) increases individuals' vulnerability to depression and alters the way depression manifests itself. Emotion processing and attention shifting are functions altered by MDD and family history of the disease; therefore, it is important to recognize the neural correlates of these functions in association with both factors. Methods: Our study determines neural correlates of emotion processing and attention shifting for healthy individuals and patients with MDD with and without family history of depression. We compared the performance and neural activity in a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment examining emotion processing and attention shifting in all participants. Results: Our sample included 4 study groups: healthy controls without family history of depression (n = 25), patients with MDD without family history of the disease (n = 20), unaffected healthy first-degree relatives of patients with MDD (n = 21) and patients with MDD with family history of MDD (n = 30). Compared with healthy controls, unaffected first-degree relatives overactivate the somatosensory cortex and the attention controlling areas during both emotion processing and attention shifting. Patients with family history of MDD have stronger neural activation in subcortical areas during shifting attention from negative stimuli. Patients without family history of MDD have less activation in the paralimbic regions and more activation in core limbic areas, especially during emotion processing. Limitations: The conclusions about the intergroup differences in activation can be drawn only about neural areas engaged in the task. Conclusion: Unaffected first-degree relatives of patients with MDD overreact to external emotional cues and compensate for the vulnerability with increased involvement of executive control. Patients with a family history of MDD have le...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Recruitment of the left hemispheric emotional attention neural network in risk for and protection from depression

Lisiecka

Carballedo

Fagan

et al. 2013

J Psychiatry Neurosci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, their role has not been fully understood. To date, a couple of studies have demonstrated associations between depression and reduced neural responses during the viewing of pleasant facial expressions and words (Epstein et al, 2006;Monk et al, 2008;Surguladze et al, 2005) and during the sight and taste of pleasant chocolate stimuli (McCabe et al, 2009;McCabe et al, 2012). These findings point to the general nature of reduced reward responsiveness in depression, beyond monetary rewards.…”

Section: Social Rewards In Depressionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Blunted cardiovascular reactivity during social reward anticipation in subclinical depression

Brinkmann

Franzén

2017

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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The present study extends past research about reduced reward responsiveness in depression by assessing effort-related cardiovascular responses during anticipation of a social reward. Dysphoric (i.e., subclinically depressed) and nondysphoric participants worked on a cognitive task. Half the participants in each group expected the possibility to subscribe to a social exchange internet site. Effort mobilization during task performance was assessed by participants' cardiovascular reactivity. Confirming the predictions, nondysphoric participants in the social-reward condition had higher reactivity of pre-ejection period, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate, compared to the other three cells. In contrast, dysphoric participants' cardiovascular reactivity was generally low. These findings indicate that social-reward function is indeed impaired in subclinical depression. Implications for social punishment are discussed.

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“…Risch et al, 2009). Moreover, firstdegree relatives of MDD patients have been observed to exhibit greater amygdala activity in response to negative emotional material relative to participants at low-risk for MDD (Monk et al, 2008;van der Veen, Evers, Deutz, & Schmitt, 2007). The 5-HTTLPR S allele is associated with decreased transcriptional efficiency of the promoter (Lesch et al, 1996), and increased available synaptic 5-HT acting on excitatory 5-HT receptor subtypes (Rainnie, 1999).…”

Section: The Role Of Amygdala Function In Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is also abundant evidence to suggest that amygdala hyperactivity towards negative stimuli is related to long-term negative memory bias in depression (Hamilton & Gotlib, 2008). Importantly however, negatively-biased amygdala activity is also exhibited by non-depressed 5-HTTLPR S allele carriers Heinz et al, 2005;Lonsdorf et al, 2011;Pezawas et al, 2005) and first-degree relatives of MDD patients (Monk et al, 2008). Evidence suggests that modulatory effects of the amygdala on memory are absent during immediate recall (Bass et al, 2014(Bass et al, , 2012Claire et al, 2015), and only emerge at recall sessions at least 24-hours after immediate testing, inferring that the amygdala may depend on overnight consolidation mechanisms to exert its influence on long-term memory.…”

Section: The 'Affect Tagging and Consolidation' (Atac) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ‘affect tagging and consolidation’ (ATaC) model of depression vulnerability

Harrington

Pennington

Durrant

2017

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Please cite this article as: Harrington, M.O., Pennington, K., Durrant, S.J., The 'Affect Tagging and Consolidation' (ATaC) Model of Depression Vulnerability, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory (2017), doi: http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.nlm.2017.02.003 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. patients, suggesting that they may be vulnerability markers of major depressive disorder (MDD), rather than mere epiphenomena of the disorder. Neuroimaging studies have revealed that depression is also associated with heightened amygdala reactivity to negative emotional stimuli, which may also be a vulnerability marker for MDD. Several models have been developed to explain the respective roles of REM sleep alterations and negatively-biased amygdala activity in the pathology of MDD, however the possible interaction between these two potential risk-factors remains uncharted. This paper reviews the roles of the amygdala and REM sleep in the encoding and consolidation of negative emotional memories, respectively. We present our 'affect tagging and consolidation' (ATaC) model, which argues that increased REM sleep density and negatively-biased amygdala activity are two separate, genetically influenced risk-factors for depression which interact to promote the development of negative memory bias -a well-known cognitive vulnerability marker for depression.Predictions of the ATaC model may motivate research aimed at improving our understanding of sleep dependent memory consolidation in depression aetiology.

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Amygdala and Nucleus Accumbens Activation to Emotional Facial Expressions in Children and Adolescents at Risk for Major Depression

Cited by 312 publications

References 41 publications

Recruitment of the left hemispheric emotional attention neural network in risk for and protection from depression

Recruitment of the left hemispheric emotional attention neural network in risk for and protection from depression

Blunted cardiovascular reactivity during social reward anticipation in subclinical depression

The ‘affect tagging and consolidation’ (ATaC) model of depression vulnerability

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