Amygdala activity correlates with attentional bias in PTSD

Cognitive and metabolic correlates of emotional vulnerability in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy

“…A relationship between amygdala activity and attentional bias, seen in post-traumatic stress disorder, also supports this hypothesis 16. In our population, the degree of hypometabolism negatively varied with attentional biases along a continuum from attentional avoidance (Other-TLE patients) to attentional maintenance (Emo-TLE patients): the more marked the hypometabolism, the greater the maintenance of attention to threatening cues.…”

“…These results suggested that the attentional system is impaired in Emo-TLE patients, and that similar abnormal attentional patterns may underlie both epilepsy-related emotional vulnerability and pathological anxiety 16. From a cognitive point of view,10 25 it is plausible that inaccurate attention towards negative information might affect the emotional evaluation of daily life events and disrupt regulation of evoked transient anxious states.…”

Post-traumatic stress influences the brain even in the absence of symptoms: A systematic, quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies

“…N. Zhang et al, 2013) (Astur et al, 2006;Aupperle et al, 2012;Bluhm et al, 2012;Bruce et al, 2013;Bryant et al, 2005;Bryant et al, 2008;El Khoury-Malhame et al, 2011;Elman et al, 2009; A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t Falconer et al, 2008;Felmingham et al, 2010;Felmingham et al, 2009;Fonzo et al, 2010;Frewen et al, 2010;Frewen et al, 2012;Jatzko, Schmitt, Demirakca, Weimer, & Braus, 2006;Kim et al, 2008;Landré et al, 2012;Mazza et al, 2012;Mazza et al, 2013;Protopopescu, Pan, Tuescher, Cloitre, Goldstein, Engelien, Epstein, Yang, Gorman, LeDoux, et al, 2005;Sailer et al, 2008;Sakamoto et al, 2005;Schechter et al, 2012;Simmons et al, 2008;Simmons, Strigo, Matthews, Paulus, & Stein, 2009;Steuwe et al, 2014;Strigo et al, 2010;Thomaes et al, 2009;van Rooij et al, 2014;Werner et al, 2009;Williams et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2013). Due to overlap between participants used in multiple studies, one study was excluded from each group, leaving the final meta-analysis of trauma-exposed controls compared to individuals with PTSD comprised of 1718 studies (521577 participants, 144145 foci) for whole-brain analyses; and 20 studies (609 participants, 93 foci) for ROI analyses.…”

“…participants who had not experienced traumatic events consisted of 3132 studies(Astur et al, 2006; Aupperle et al, 2012;Bluhm et al, 2012;Bruce et al, 2013; Bryant et al, 2005;Bryant et al, 2008;El Khoury-Malhame et al, 2011;Elman et al; Falconer et al, 2008;K. L. Felmingham et al, 2010;K.…”

Cognitive-Processing Biases in Individuals High on Perceived Criticism

“…The amygdala has been implicated in attentional orienting, and activation in this brain region has been linked to heightened attention and faster orienting to threatening stimuli in individuals diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (El Khoury-Malhame et al, 2011). Individuals with social anxiety disorder also show greater amygdala activation than do healthy control individuals when anticipating the presentation of a negative or ambiguous stimulus, which potentially indicates greater preparation for attentional deployment to threatening stimuli (Bruhl et al, 2011).…”