Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Based on Electrochemically Deposited Gold Nanoparticles Covered by Polypyrrole

Abstract

Graphite rod (GR) modified with electrochemicaly deposited gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and adsorbed glucose oxidase (GOx) was used in amperometric glucose biosensor design. Enzymatic formation of polypyrrole (Ppy) on the surface of GOx/AuNPs/GR electrode was applied in order to improve analytical characteristics and stability of developed biosensor. The linear glucose detection range for Ppy/GOx/AuNPs/GR electrode was dependent on the duration of Ppy‐layer formation and the linear interval was extended up to 19.9 mmol L−1 after 21 h lasting synthesis of Ppy. The sensitivity of the developed biosensor was determined as 21.7 μA mM−1 cm−2, the limit of detection – 0.20 mmol L−1. Ppy/GOx/AuNPs/GR electrodes demonstrated advanced good stability (the t1/2 was 9.8 days), quick detection of glucose (within 5 s) in the wide linear interval. Additionally, formed Ppy layer decreased the influence of electroactive species on the analytical signal. Developed biosensor is suitable for the determination of glucose in human serum samples.

An All-Solid-State Nitrate Ion-Selective Electrode with Nanohybrids Composite Films for In-Situ Soil Nutrient Monitoring

“…Gold nanocorals and carbon nanotubes were used to make a new all-solid Li + ion-selective electrode. By means of chronopotentiometry and SEM characterization, it was found that the capacitance of the conductive layer increased by 1-2 orders of magnitude, the impedance decreased significantly, the response time was less than 15 s, and the Nernst slope reached 58.70 mV/decade [28]. The shape memory polymers, which demonstrated shape recovery capability at room temperature, are worthy and challenging to be discussed for the in-situ agricultural applications [29].…”

Design of a Sandwich Hierarchically Porous Membrane with Oxygen Supplement Function for Implantable Glucose Sensor

“…Some studies have optimized the efficiency of electron transfer by increasing the number of active sites and the catalytic ability of immobilized enzyme on sensor surface [11][12][13][14]. One of the most promising methods is to modify the surface of bare electrodes by metal nanomaterials with high superficial area, excellent biocompatibility and catalytic properties [13][14][15][16]. It has been confirmed that the electrical and catalytic properties of electrodes can be restructured by changing the surface morphology of nanoparticles through controlling different depositional conditions, like potential, reaction time and formulation of electrolyte [10,17].…”

Enzymatic self-wiring in nanopores and its application in direct electron transfer biofuel cells

“…Other studies employed contact adsorption and/or electrochemical deposition to co-immobilize redox enzymes, molecular relays, and metallic nanoparticles, yielding effective bioelectrocatalysis. [17][18][19][20] Frequently used are also redox active mediators which are graed onto and/or constitute repetitive monomeric units in polymer hydrogels. [21][22][23] While the surface concentration of the relaying species in such assemblies is relatively high, these systems are prone to diffusional limitations of the enzymatic substrates and their products, hindering the charge transport and affecting the performance of the electrocatalysis.…”